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Russia & the "Stans"

TermDefinition
Ural Mountains mountains that form the boundary between Europe and Asia
Caucasus Mountains mountains between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea; create a natural barrier on Russia's southern border; Mt. Elbrus = highest peak in Europe
Siberia vast region east of the Urals; extreme cold, rich resources, few people
Volga River longest river in Europe; flows south → Caspian Sea; vital for trade and agriculture
Lake Baikal world's deepest lake, 20% of Earth's unfrozen fresh water
Caspian Sea world's largest inland body of water, shared by 5 countries
Fertile Triangle Russia's most productive farmland, between the Baltic Sea, Black Sea, and Urals
Soviet Union (USSR) communist state including Russia and 14 other republics (1922–1991)
Cyrillic alphabet writing system used in Russian, influenced by the Byzantine Empire
Yurt traditional portable tent used by nomadic groups in Central Asia
Gulag Soviet forced labor camp, often in Siberia
Oligarch wealthy individual who gained control of former state companies after Soviet collapse
Kremlin fortress in Moscow; seat of the Russian government
Red Square central square in Moscow; bordered by the Kremlin and St. Basil's Cathedral
St. Basil's Cathedral iconic colorful church on Red Square in Moscow
Winter Palace cultural landmark in St. Petersburg; Russia's "window to Europe"
Aral Sea shrinking sea in Central Asia; devastated by Soviet irrigation projects
Amu Darya / Syr Darya rivers that once fed the Aral Sea; now a source of water conflict
Trans-Siberian Railway world's longest railway; Moscow → Vladivostok, 5,700 miles
Energy interdependence when countries rely on each other for oil/gas trade
Crimea Ukrainian peninsula annexed by Russia in 2014; still disputed
Arctic shipping lanes northern sea routes used for trade; jointly managed by multiple countries
Created by: Mr. Hine
 

 



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