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chapter 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| satellite | an object that orbits a planet |
| planet | an object that orbits a star, is large enough to have become rounded by it's own gravity, and has cleared the area of it's orbit |
| meteor | a streak of light in the sky produced by the burning of a meteoroid in earth's atmosphere |
| comet | a loose connection of ice and dust that orbits the sun, typically in a long, narrow orbit |
| star | a ball of hot gas, primarily hydrogen and helium, that undergoes nuclear fusion |
| constellation | a pattern or grouping of stars that people imagine to represent a figure or object |
| axis | an imaginary line that passes through a planet's center and it's north and south poles, about which the planet rotates |
| rotation | the spinning motion of a planet on it's axis |
| revolution | the movement of an object around another object |
| orbit | the path of an object as it revolves around another object in space |
| calendar | a system of organizing time that defines the beginning,length, and divisions of a year |
| solstice | either of the 2 days in a year on which the sun reaches it's greatest north or south of the equator |
| equinox | either of the 2 days in a year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun |
| force | a push or pull exerted on an object |
| gravity | the attractive force between objects; the force that moves objects downhill |
| law of universal gravitation | the scientific law that states that every object in the universe attracts every other object |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| weight | a measure of the force of gravity on an object |
| inertia | the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion |
| newton's first law of motion | the scientific law that states that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion with a constant speed and direction unless acted on by a force |
| phase | one of the different apparent shapes of the moon as seen from earth |
| eclipse | the partial or total blocking of one object in space by another |
| solar eclipse | the blocking of sunlight to earth that occurs when the moon is directly between the sun and earth |
| umbra | the darkest part of a shadow |
| penumbra | the part of a shadow surrounding the darkest part |
| lunar eclipse | the blocking of sunlight to the moon that occurs when earth is directly between the sun and the moon |
| tide | the periodic rise and fall of the level of water in the ocean |
| spring tide | the tide with the greatest difference between consecutive low and high tides |
| neap tide | the tide with the least difference between consecutive low and high tides |
| maria | dark flat areas on the moon's surface formed from huge ancient lava flows |
| crater | a large round pit caused by the impact of a meteoroid |
| meteoroid | a chunk of rock or dust in space, generally smaller than an asteroid |
Created by:
user-1975233