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Science 8.0
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| reference point | the starting point you use to describe the motion or the position of an object. |
| position | an object’s distance and direction from a reference point. |
| displacement | the difference between the initial, or starting, position and the final position of an object that has moved. |
| motion | the process of changing position. |
| speed | the distance an object moves divided by the time it takes to move that distance. |
| velocity | the speed and the direction of a moving object. |
| acceleration | a measure of the change in velocity during a period of time. |
| distance-time graph | a graph that shows how distance and time are related. |
| speed-time graph | a graph that shows the speed of an object on the y-axis and time on the x-axis. |
| force | a push or a pull on an object. |
| contact force | a push or a pull on one object by another object that is touching it. |
| noncontact force | force that one object applies to another object without touching it. |
| gravity | an attractive force that exists between all objects that have mass. |
| friction | a contact force that resists the sliding motion of two surfaces that are touching. |
| air resistance | the frictional force between air and objects moving through it. law that states that if the net force acting on an object is zero, the motion of the object does not change. |
| Newton’s first law of motion | law that states that if the net force acting on an object is zero, the motion of the object does not change. |
| Newton’s second law of motion | law that states that the acceleration of an object is equal to the net force exerted on the object divided by the object’s mass. |
| Newton’s third law of motion | law that states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. |