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Science Heat Test

QuestionAnswer
Thermal energy the transfer of heat energy between objects. (the kinetic energy of the particles that make up a substance. )
Heat the energy that is transferred between objects that are at different temperatures.
Heat moves from ____ objects to ____ objects HOT to COLD
Temperature the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.
more moving energy, the more ______ thermal energy (heat). (The hotter the object will be. )
When heat is added to an object, you raise the temperature and the kinetic energy _________. increases
When you remove heat from an object, you lower its temperature and kinetic energy ________. decreases
What are the scales temperature is measured in Kelvin Fahrenheit Celsius think KFC
Scientist often use what scale? Celsius
What is the lowest temperature in the Kelvin scale? 0 K
Absolute zero the lowest possible temperature where matter stops moving or vibrating in place.
Thermal Expansion the increase in size of a substance in response to an increase in temperature.
If the temperature of the liquid _______, the volume increases. increases
As the temperature of the liquid _______, its volume decreases. decreases
Specific Heat the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.
What does the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a substance depend on? What the substance is How much of it is being heated What rise in temperature occurs
Low Specific Heat The lower the specific heat, the faster its temperature rises when it is heated, and the faster it cools down.
High Specific Heat The higher the specific heat, the slower its temperature rises when it is heated, and the slower it cools down.
Why does it take a long time to heat up and cool down water? Water has a higher specific heat
Conductors a substance that transfers thermal energy well.
Insulator a substance that does not transfer thermal energy well.
Conductors are usually _____ dense which allows heat to transfer from particle to particle. more
Insulators are usually _____ dense, and have air pockets, preventing heat from transferring. less
Chemical Reaction a substance where new chemical properties are formed.
In chemical reactions, heat is often ______or heat is ______. Given off Absorbed
Reactant a material that enters a reaction with another reactant.
Product the mixture that is formed as a result of the reaction.
Catalyst A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction, but does not get changed itself.
Exothermic Reaction chemical reaction that releases heat. (Exo means outside Therm means heat)
The mixture of the reactants results in an ______ in temperature. increase
Endothermic Reaction a chemical reaction that absorbs heat. (Endo means inside - Therm means heat)
The mixture of the reactants results in a ______ in temperature. decreases
How does a heat pack work? When a hot pack is opened up to the air, iron mixes with oxygen just like iron rusting.
The way that thermal energy gets transferred, and the material that it moves through depends on three things. The three ways heat is transferred is through what? Conduction - Solids Convection - Liquids & Gases Radiation - Sun/Flames
Conduction the transfer of heat through solids.
what does conduction heat transfer go though? direct contact.
Particles gain thermal energy and transfer the energy to the particles ______ to it. closest
The _____ the particles, the better the transfer of thermal energy. closer
Conduction occurs faster on what? on metals (copper, silver, iron, etc.) Think about a pan on a stove. The handle heats up quickly! This is because of conduction!
Convection the transfer of thermal energy through the movement of liquids and gases.
When air is heated, the warm air becomes less dense. This causes the air to rise
What is the circular flow of liquids or gases is called ? convection currents
A circular motion
Convection Currents The wind we feel outside is often the result of convection currents.
During the daytime, the land gets heated by the sun. This air rises. The cool air over the water then moves in to replace the rising warm air. The opposite happens at night. The water is sometimes warmer, and the land is colder. The warm air rises off the water and the cool land air takes its place.
Radiation a form of movement of heat energy through space.
What is eat moved through electromagnetic waves.
Unlike conduction and convection, radiation does or does not need matter to transfer thermal energy. does not
An example of radiation is a fireplace or RADIATOR.
Which material is the best conductor of heat? gold
Which material is the best insulator of heat? rubber
List 2 examples of conductors: gold/silver/copper/aluminum/iron
List 2 examples of insulators: rubber/glass/wood/air
List 2 examples of radiation: fireplace radiator
Warm air rises. Cool air sinks
Radiation is a form of movement of heat energy through space
which materials you think are used to make Stanley and Yeti water bottles: Stainless steel (metal), plastic.
What are the tree key features or a stainless steel water bottle? There is a double wall, inside the wall is a vacuum. The heat cannot transfer inside of a vacuum there for it insulates the inside.
Energy that is transferred between objects that are different temperatures is heat
If you put your warm hand on a cold desk, heat would transfer from your WARM HAND to the COLD DESK.
Which substance will heat up and cool down the fastest? gold
Which substance will heat up and cool down the slowest? water
Which substance will gain MORE heat: wood or aluminum aluminum
Which substance will gain MORE heat: iron or gold and how? gold GOLD HAS A LOWER SPECIFIC HEAT, SO IT GAINS MORE HEAT BECAUSE IT HEATS UP QUICKER.
Created by: user-2019060
 

 



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