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Geography

Chapter 6,weathering and erosion ..

QuestionAnswer
What is weathering Weathering is the breaking down of rocks and soil that are exposed to the weather
What is denudation Another word for weathering and Erosion
What are the types of weathering Mechanical,chemical,biological (MCB)
What is erosion The breaking down of rocks and soil and the transportation of eroded material.
What can erosion be caused by Moving water(rivers/seas) Moving ice (glaciers) Moving air( wind)
What is mechanical weathering Mechanical weathering is the physical breaking up of rocks into smaller pieces by putting pressure on the rock.
Give one exmaple of mechanical weathering Freeze thaw action
Where does freeze thaw action occur Occurs in mountainous areas where there is lots of rain,and temps rise regularly above and below freezing point
What is the first step to freeze thaw action During day,water seeps into cracks in rock
Second step of freeze thaw action During night,temps fall below freezing point,water in cracks freezes and expands by 9 percent,this puts pressure on surrounding rock.
Step 3 of freeze thaw action Process is constantly repeated,overtime widens cracks and joints in rock.
Step four of freeze thaw action Pieces of rock break off due to the constant pressure,these are known as scree
Give on exmaple of where freeze thaw action occurs Croagh Patrick,co.mayo
What is chemical weathering When rocks are dissolved due to chemical reaction
Give a example of chemical weathering Carbonation,
What is carbonation Carbonation is a type of chemical weathering where limestone is broken down by the carbonic acid in rainwater."
What is the vforst step in carbonation The atmosphere contains a gas known as c02
2nd step of carbonation? Rainwater(H20) mixes with carbon dioxide (C02) to form a weak carbonic acid (H2C03)
3rd step of carbonation? Limestone which is composed of mostly calcium carbonate,reacts when in contact with the weak carbonic acid in the rainwater,
What does this reaction cause? This reaction causes limestone to dissolve.
Give an example of permeable rock aand explain permeable Limestone is permeable,permeable means rainwater can pass through the rock.
What is biological weathering Biological weathering is when rocks broken are broken down by plants or animals.
Explain how biological weathering occurs when caused by plants. Roots of plants enter cracks in rocks,as these roots grow they widen the cracks.weakening the rock and eventually breaking it
Explain how biological weathering occurs when caused by animals Animals burrowing in ground can dig into cracks,widening the cracks,weakening rocks,the rock breaks,
what is a karst landscape A limestone area with surface and underground features made due to carbonation
Give a exmaple of a karst landscape t The burren
What happened during the last ice age? The last ice age removed soil exposing bare limestone rock.
Is limestone pavement a surface or underground feature It is a surface feature
What happens in a swallow hole? Rivers that flow over a limestone surface can disappear underground thru a swallow hole
What is the first step for swallow hole formation When the river flows over limestone the water widens the joints in the rock through carbonation
Second step swallow hole formation Eventually,river disappears from the surface and begins to flow underground along the bedding plates
What are bedding plates The horizontal spaces between layers of strata in limestone rock.
Step 3 of swallow hole formation Carbonation and hydraulic action enlarges the joints and bedding plates
What size are swallow holes They vary in size depending on how large or small rivr is
What happens as the river continues to flow underground As the river continues to row underground this helps for underground karst features such as passages or caves.
What is a cave A natural hollow space underground with an opening on the surface.
What is a cavern Underground cave that has a opening
Created by: user-2005823
 

 



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