9 million people 18-54 y.o. – Panic DO, OCD, PTSD, Phobias, GAD

Can be triggered artificially; Caffeine; Lactic acid administration • Breathing elevated CO2;Overactive central nucleus?; Early life stress; Rat pup study—CRF

Benzodiazepines, GABA receptors, SSRI better

activation of the sympathetic nervous system which activities the adrenal medulla which secretes Adrenaline and noradrenaline, leading to increased physiological arousal. Also, activation of the HPA axis.

Activation of hypothalamus leads to release of hormones (CRH) that travel through the bloodstream to the pituitary gland-secretes hormones (ACTH)-activates the adrenal gland (release cortisol). Increases energy, suppresses inflammatory/immune response

Adrenal Glands; Stress hormone; Aging, stress related disease, etc.; Dose dependent with fear; Negative feedback for ‘fight or flight’ response; Higher in acute stress among persons who go on to develop PTSD/depressive disorders

“Normal” Fear Response

Alarm phase; Serum levels of cortisol, CRF and adrenaline return to baseline within a few hours

"Abnormal” Fear Response

Intractable, Chronic, Exaggerated, PTSD; No return to baseline, increased amygdalar activity on SPECT and fMRI, Increased HPA activity (hyperactivity), Dysregulation of HPA=risk for depression, anxiety disorders and PTSD

"Abnormal” Fear Response continued

Hypersecretion of CRF Change in hippocampal & amygdalar volume ; Sensitizes HPA axis

Temporal Interference

Electrical Stimulation; Non-invasive deep brain stimulation; Better targeted than repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation;

Near-Infrared (IR) radiation or photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy; Light at red and near-infrared wavelengths—now LED for home use; Activates cytoprotective, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic effects in the cells—even with tinfoil

various nano size carriers that address brain drug delivery challenges due to BBB; target particular disease, Alzheimer's, brain tumor, epilepsy

using red and near-infrared light is a, non-invasive treatment for neuropathic pain by reducing inflammation and promoting nerve repair. It stimulates cellular energy (ATP) to alleviate pain. antagonizes antioxidant in mitochondria

when technology transcends biology; Ray Kurzweil; Transhumanism (abbreviated as H+ or h+) “Humans will most experience gradual conversion of their brain are augmented with neural implants, increasing their proportion of non-biological intelligence

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Question	Answer
Anxiety Disorders	9 million people 18-54 y.o. – Panic DO, OCD, PTSD, Phobias, GAD
Panic Disorder	Can be triggered artificially; Caffeine; Lactic acid administration • Breathing elevated CO2;Overactive central nucleus?; Early life stress; Rat pup study—CRF
Anxiety Treatment	Benzodiazepines, GABA receptors, SSRI better
The stress response	activation of the sympathetic nervous system which activities the adrenal medulla which secretes Adrenaline and noradrenaline, leading to increased physiological arousal. Also, activation of the HPA axis.
HPA axis	Activation of hypothalamus leads to release of hormones (CRH) that travel through the bloodstream to the pituitary gland-secretes hormones (ACTH)-activates the adrenal gland (release cortisol). Increases energy, suppresses inflammatory/immune response
Cortisol	Adrenal Glands; Stress hormone; Aging, stress related disease, etc.; Dose dependent with fear; Negative feedback for ‘fight or flight’ response; Higher in acute stress among persons who go on to develop PTSD/depressive disorders
“Normal” Fear Response	Alarm phase; Serum levels of cortisol, CRF and adrenaline return to baseline within a few hours
"Abnormal” Fear Response	Intractable, Chronic, Exaggerated, PTSD; No return to baseline, increased amygdalar activity on SPECT and fMRI, Increased HPA activity (hyperactivity), Dysregulation of HPA=risk for depression, anxiety disorders and PTSD
"Abnormal” Fear Response continued	Hypersecretion of CRF Change in hippocampal & amygdalar volume ; Sensitizes HPA axis
Temporal Interference	Electrical Stimulation; Non-invasive deep brain stimulation; Better targeted than repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation;
Transcranial Lasers	Near-Infrared (IR) radiation or photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy; Light at red and near-infrared wavelengths—now LED for home use; Activates cytoprotective, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic effects in the cells—even with tinfoil
Nanotechnology	various nano size carriers that address brain drug delivery challenges due to BBB; target particular disease, Alzheimer's, brain tumor, epilepsy
photobiomodulation	using red and near-infrared light is a, non-invasive treatment for neuropathic pain by reducing inflammation and promoting nerve repair. It stimulates cellular energy (ATP) to alleviate pain. antagonizes antioxidant in mitochondria
The Singularity	when technology transcends biology; Ray Kurzweil; Transhumanism (abbreviated as H+ or h+) “Humans will most experience gradual conversion of their brain are augmented with neural implants, increasing their proportion of non-biological intelligence

Created by: user-2021572

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