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Unit 4 3.4

Evaluate effectiveness

QuestionAnswer
How does community policing help maintain social control? Visible, trusted officers improve reporting, confidence and cooperation.
How many officers were recruited through the Police Uplift Programme? 20,000.
Name one community‑based crime‑prevention programme. Checkpoint (Durham), Project Flex (Derbyshire), Neighbourhood Watch.
What is one strength of police effectiveness? Effective emergency response and visible patrols reassure the public.
What is one major limitation of police effectiveness? Low charge rates and high “no suspect identified” outcomes.
Which case highlighted investigative failures in policing? Stephen Port (Grindr killer).
Which report labelled the Met as “institutionally racist”? The MacPherson Report (1999).
What are the two stages of the Full Code Test? Evidential stage and public interest stage.
What is CPS Direct? A 24/7 service giving immediate charging advice to police.
What percentage of CPS cases result in guilty pleas or convictions? About 80%.
Name a CPS success in serious crime. Large increases in rape charges after the Joint National Action Plan.
What is one major criticism of the CPS? Delays and backlogs, especially in rape and serious sexual offences.
Which case showed CPS failure due to reliance on an unreliable witness? Damilola Taylor.
Who was repeatedly not prosecuted despite strong evidence? Lord Greville Janner.
What is the Unduly Lenient Sentence scheme? Allows sentences to be reviewed and increased if too lenient.
What percentage of senior judges were privately educated? 65%.
Why is a lack of diversity a problem in the judiciary? It weakens public trust and may lead to unrepresentative decisions.
What does judicial review check? Whether public bodies acted lawfully and fairly.
Give one example of questionable sentencing. Lavinia Woodward receiving a suspended sentence despite stabbing her partner.
How do prisons protect the public? By incapacitating offenders and reducing their ability to commit crime.
What is one piece of evidence supporting rehabilitation in prisons? Open University students are 22% less likely to reoffend.
What are escapes and absconds a measure of? Prison security and public protection.
What is the overall proven recidivism rate? 28.9%.
What is the recidivism rate for sentences under 12 months? 66%.
Name one major issue affecting prison effectiveness. Overcrowding (over 20,500 people in overcrowded cells).
Name a case showing severe prison failings. HMP Pentonville being placed in special measures.
Give an example showing prisons fail to control violence. Multiple attacks on Ian Huntley in HMP Frankland.
What do high self‑harm rates indicate? Prisons cannot maintain safety or deliver effective rehabilitation.
High‑quality probation supervision reduces reoffending by how much? 14%.
What does MAPPA do? Manages high‑risk offenders through multi‑agency oversight.
Why is probation cost‑effective? It reduces reoffending while keeping people in the community.
Give one example of probation supporting rehabilitation. CBT, drug treatment, and behaviour‑change programmes.
What was the vacancy rate for probation officers in 2026? Only 28%.
What happened to Serious Further Offences between 2021–24? They increased by 55%.
Give a case showing probation failure. Usman Khan — allowed unsupervised travel before killing two people.
What makes charities effective in social control? They target specific criminogenic needs with specialist expertise.
Name one charity working effectively with offenders. Nacro, The Prince’s Trust, Prison Reform Trust, Howard League, Women in Prison.
Why was ending Friday releases important? Friday releases often led to homelessness → higher reoffending.
What campaign did the Howard League win an award for? Books for Prisoners (2015).
How has the Prison Reform Trust shaped policy? How has the Prison Reform Trust shaped policy?
Created by: Cabezablanca
 

 



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