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Test 3 MODAMR
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The New Woman | A 1920s figure representing women embracing independence through fashion work and social freedom |
| Flappers | Young women who challenged traditional norms with new styles behaviors and attitudes |
| The New Negro | A movement promoting Black pride political assertiveness and cultural expression |
| Harlem Renaissance | A cultural flowering of Black art literature and music centered in Harlem |
| Marcus Garvey | Black nationalist leader who promoted racial pride and the Back to Africa movement |
| UNIA | Garvey’s organization advocating Black unity economic independence and Pan Africanism |
| Mass Consumer Culture | A shift toward nationwide buying driven by advertising credit and mass production |
| Installment Buying | Purchasing goods on credit through monthly payments |
| Advertising Boom | Rapid growth of persuasive ads shaping desires and consumer habits |
| Automobile Revolution | The rise of car ownership that transformed travel suburbs and the economy |
| Henry Ford | Industrialist who used assembly line production to make cars affordable |
| Assembly Line | A production method where workers perform one repetitive task to increase efficiency |
| The Lost Generation | Writers disillusioned by WWI who criticized materialism and modern culture |
| Modernism | A cultural movement rejecting traditional norms and embracing new artistic forms |
| Fundamentalism | A religious movement insisting on literal biblical interpretation |
| Scopes Trial | A 1925 case over teaching evolution symbolizing conflict between science and religion |
| Prohibition | The nationwide ban on alcohol from 1920 to 1933 |
| 18th Amendment | The amendment that banned the manufacture sale and transport of alcohol |
| Volstead Act | The law that enforced Prohibition and defined intoxicating liquor |
| Bootlegging | Illegal production and distribution of alcohol during Prohibition |
| Speakeasies | Secret bars where people drank illegally during Prohibition |
| Organized Crime | Criminal networks that grew powerful through bootlegging operations |
| The Second KKK | A revived Klan targeting immigrants Catholics Jews and African Americans |
| Nativism | Anti immigrant attitudes promoting cultural protection and immigration limits |
| Immigration Act of 1924 | A law setting strict quotas favoring northern Europeans |
| Sacco and Vanzetti Case | A controversial trial reflecting anti immigrant and anti radical prejudice |
| Red Scare | A period of fear of communism leading to raids arrests and deportations |
| Mass Culture | Shared national entertainment like radio movies and sports |
| Radio Revolution | The spread of radio broadcasting that unified Americans and created celebrities |
| Hollywood Film Industry | The booming movie industry producing national entertainment and stars |
| Celebrity Culture | The rise of fame for actors athletes and performers through mass media |
| Consumer Credit | New financial tools that allowed Americans to buy goods they couldn’t afford upfront |
| Scientific Management | Workplace efficiency system that increased productivity but reduced worker autonomy |
| Welfare Capitalism | Company programs offering benefits to reduce labor unrest and discourage unions |
| Suburbanization | Movement of middle class families to suburbs enabled by automobiles |
| Jazz Age | A cultural era defined by jazz music nightlife and youthful rebellion |
| Louis Armstrong | Influential jazz musician whose improvisation shaped modern jazz |
| Model T | Ford’s affordable car that revolutionized transportation and American life |
| Lost Generation Authors | Writers like Hemingway and Fitzgerald who criticized postwar society |
| True Sons of Freedom | WWI propaganda poster celebrating Black soldiers of the 369th Infantry Regiment |
| Great Migration | Mass movement of Black Americans from the South to Northern cities in the early 1900s |
| Harlem Culture Capital | Harlem became the cultural center of Black America during the 1920s |
| Race Riots of 1919 | Violent white attacks on Black communities across the U.S. during the Red Summer |
| Chicago Race Riot 1919 | Major outbreak of racial violence including lynchings and mob attacks |
| New Negro Movement | Movement promoting Black pride cultural expression economic independence and political activism |
| Alain Locke New Negro | Writer who described a “spiritual emancipation” among Black Americans |
| Harlem Renaissance | Cultural flowering of Black literature art and music in the 1920s |
| Langston Hughes | Key Harlem Renaissance poet known for celebrating Black life and culture |
| Claude McKay | Harlem Renaissance writer who addressed racial injustice and resistance |
| Zora Neale Hurston | Harlem Renaissance author known for folklore and Black Southern life |
| Jessie Redmon Fauset | Harlem Renaissance editor and writer who promoted Black literary talent |
| Dixie to Broadway | First all Black Broadway show produced in 1924 |
| Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller | Harlem Renaissance sculptor known for themes of Black identity |
| Aaron Douglas | Harlem Renaissance painter known for African inspired modernist art |
| Palmer Hayden | Harlem Renaissance artist who depicted Black life and culture |
| Cotton Club | Famous Harlem nightclub featuring Black performers for white audiences |
| Smalls Paradise | Harlem nightclub central to jazz culture |
| Duke Ellington | Jazz bandleader who became a major figure of Harlem nightlife |
| UNIA | Marcus Garvey’s organization promoting Black pride and economic independence |
| Negro World Newspaper | UNIA newspaper spreading Garvey’s ideas globally |
| Black Star Line | Garvey’s shipping company meant to promote Black economic power |
| Garvey Must Go Campaign | NAACP led effort criticizing and opposing Marcus Garvey |
| Garvey Indicted 1922 | Garvey charged with mail fraud leading to imprisonment and deportation |
| Garveyism | Black nationalist ideology focused on global unity and empowerment of African descended people |
| Tulsa Race Massacre 1921 | White mob destroyed Black Wall Street killing hundreds and burning 30+ blocks |
| Black Wall Street | Prosperous Black business district in Tulsa’s Greenwood neighborhood |
| KKK Lost Cause Ideology | KKK justified white supremacy through nostalgia for the Old South |
| Second KKK Rebirth 1915 | KKK revived after the lynching of Leo Frank and release of Birth of a Nation |
| William Joseph Simmons | Organizer of the second Ku Klux Klan in Georgia |
| KKK Membership 1920s | KKK grew to 4 5 million members nationwide |
| KKK Political Power | KKK dominated politics in many states and won major city elections |
| Women of the KKK | Female auxiliary group formed in 1923 supporting Klan ideology |
| KKK Violence | Tactics included lynching flogging nightriding and harassment |
| Emergency Immigration Act 1921 | First major quota law limiting immigration |
| National Origins Act 1924 | Restricted immigration to 2 percent of 1890 populations and excluded Asians |
| Illegal Alien Concept | Term created by the 1924 immigration law to label unauthorized immigrants |
| Yellow Peril | Racist anti Asian media portraying Asians as a threat |
| Return to Normalcy | Harding’s promise to restore stability after WWI and the flu pandemic |
| Teapot Dome Scandal | Harding administration bribery scandal involving oil reserves |
| Silent Cal | Nickname for President Calvin Coolidge known for few words |
| Chief Business Quote | Coolidge’s belief that business was central to American life |
| Herbert Hoover Prosperity Claim | Hoover’s belief that America was close to ending poverty before the Depression |
| Department Stores | Large retail stores offering many goods under one roof |
| Mass Production | Industrial system that increased output and lowered costs |
| Credit Economy | Consumer spending fueled by buying goods on installment plans |
| Automobile Revolution | Rapid growth of car ownership transforming American life |
| Model T | Ford’s affordable mass produced car |
| Hollywood Boom | 1920s explosion of movie attendance and film production |
| Radio Revolution | Radios became common in homes spreading news and entertainment |
| Babe Ruth | Sultan of Swat baseball hero of the 1920s |
| Charles Lindbergh | Pilot who completed first solo nonstop flight from New York to Paris |
| 19th Amendment | Gave women the right to vote in 1920 |
| Christian Fundamentalism | Movement insisting on literal interpretation of the Bible |
| Modernist Theology | Religious movement blending faith with science and modern ideas |
| Butler Act | Tennessee law banning the teaching of evolution |
| Scopes Trial 1925 | Trial over teaching evolution symbolizing conflict between science and religion |
| Prohibition 18th Amendment | Banned manufacture sale and transport of alcohol |
| Anti Catholic Prohibition | Prohibition influenced by anti immigrant and anti Catholic sentiment |
| Shaky 1920s Economy | Economy built on credit inequality and unstable markets |