click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
EKG Quiz
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Electrocardiogram | An ECG is a record of heart activity, or. composite of all action potentials generates and contractile cells at a given time. |
| Distinguishable waves | P, QRS, and T wave |
| P wave | Lasts for about 0.08 seconds and movement of depolarization wave from SA node through the atria. |
| QRS complex | After 0.1 seconds, the atria contracts, and results from ventricular depolarization and precedes ventricular contraction. It has a complicated shape bc. the path of dp waves thru ventricular walls change and time depends on size, avg = 0.08 |
| T-wave | Ventricular re-polarization and lasts about 0.16 seconds, re-polarization is slower than depolarization so it is more spread out and has a lower amplitude than the QRS complex, occurs via slow cell-to-cell conduction rather than the fast Purkinje system |
| P-R interval | About 0.16 seconds from the beginning of atrial excitation to the beginning of ventricular excitation, if Q wave is visible, often not, but it is sometimes called P-Q. |
| S-T interval | When action potentials of ventricular myocytes are in their plateau phases and the ventricular myocardium is depolarized . Indicates the pause between depolarization and repolarization. |
| Q-T interval | Around 38 seconds, ventricular depolarization -> re-polarization. |
| Tachycardia | Heart rate over 100, due to exercise, stress, damage, or fever |
| Bradycardia | Below 60, due to low body temp., heart is efficient (seen in athletes) |
| Arrhythmia | Not in rhythm, abnormal, misshaped, and/or missing QRS. |
| Fibrillation | Shaking, ventricle fibrillation is BAD |
| Flutter | Above 200 |
| Cardiac output | Volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in on minute, CO = heart rate x stroke volume, but convert ml to liters using dimensional analysis |
| Medulla oblongata | brain stem |
| Vagus nerve | brain into heart to lungs to intestine |
| Sympathetic | Increase heart rate |
| Parasympathetic | decreases heart rate |
| hormones | Thyroid hormones, epinephrine/adrenaline |
| Age | Baby = faster heart, tiny heart, Older individuals can either have a higher risk of damage or heart rate can decrease if metabolism speeds up and heart rate decrease |
| Exercise | Raises heart rate, but slows down long term |
| Body temp | In cooler temperatures, heart rate slows down. |