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History S2 Unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Allies | Great Britain France Soviet Union United States China |
| Axis Powers | Germany Italy Japan |
| Munich Conference | Britain & France agree to give the Sudetenland to Hitler if he agrees to no one expansion. They try APPEASEMENT to keep Hitler happy. -He can keep: Rhineland/ Sudetenland/ Austria -Hitler does agree, but he later breaks his promise |
| Non Aggression Pact Who was it between? | Between Germany and the Soviet Union This allowed for Hitler to take over Poland while the Soviet Union promised not to get in the way. The Soviet union was promised peace from Germany and a bit of Poland's land. (Eastern Poland) -Hitler breaks promise |
| Battle of Britain Why was it a turning point? | -Britain was the last stronghold of Europe. -Britain had been bombing Germany for months -Germany bombed Britain to break moral before land invasion - Churchill would not surrender, and Britain won -Hitler not used to failing, and is mad |
| Adolf Hitler | The fascist leader of Germany |
| Benito Mussolini | Fascist leader of Italy |
| Winston Churchill | Leader of Britain |
| FDR | President of the U.S during the great depression and world war 2. |
| Harry Truman | The 33rd president of the U.S He is the president who takes over after FDR dies. |
| Joseph Stalin | The communist leader of the Soviet Union |
| Totalitarianism | Its leader suppresses all opposition and controls all aspects of peoples lives. A dictator has total control over their people. |
| 8 Causes of WW1 | GIMIDATA- Great Depression Isolationism Militarism Imperialism Dictators Appeasement Treaty of Versailles Alliances |
| When was Pearl Harbor attacked? | December 7th, 1941 |
| Why was Pearl Harbor attacked? | -U.S stopped selling oil/rubber other resources to Japan -US froze Japanese money in American banks Japan was really mad at the U.S -Destroy the fleet in Hawaii- closest one |
| Who attacked Pearl Harbor. | Japan attacked Pear Harbor |
| When was the D-day invasion? | June 6th, 1944 |
| What happened during the D-day invasion? | -The allied ships landed on the coast of Normandy - TheyWade ashore facing mines, fierce assault from German bunkers -Germans had the upper hand and were on higher ground -Turning point in the war in Europe -Allied invasion to take France from Germany |
| What was the Battle of the Bulge? | The first large scale attack by German troops that was forced back by the allies -Allies win -Hitlers last chances to keep us from getting into Germany -We were in Belgium going into Germany |
| Which cities were bombed in Japan? | Nagasaki Hiroshima |
| What was the Manhattan project? | -The atomic bomb -Secret projects |
| Why did Truman decide to drop the bombs on Japan? | -Save american lives -Save POWs -Didn't want Stalin to get involved -End the war quickly |
| Effects of atomic bombs on Japan | -Many innocent citizen died instantly -Cities were destroyed -people got sick from the radiation in the bombs -The radiation got into their water and soil -The radiation still causes cancer even today -We won the war -Skin melting on people |
| Fascism | A political movement based on nationalism that gives power to a dictator and takes away from an individuals rights. -Italy had this -Mussolini started this |
| How did Hitler rise to power in WW2? | -He took advantage of peoples anger over the state of Germany (especially the treaty of Versailles) -He exploited peoples concerns over unchecked inflationary and the sever unemployment. -He was a really good speaker |
| What countries did Japan take over prior to the war beginning? (Short Answer Queston) | Japan Takes: Manchuria Phillippines |
| Cash and Carry Act | -They had to use their own boat to come pick up the weapons -They had to pay cash because we were in dept (Didn't get paid back from WW1) |
| Lend Lease Acts | The United States would lend, sell or lease any weapons or war materials to another country that was vital to the defense of the U.S. -We did this because Britain was running out of money to buy from us, and we needed Britain to stop Germany. |
| Why did FDR focus on Germany rather than Japan first? | If the Germans defeated the Soviets they might prove to be unstoppable, and so Hitler and the Germans were the allies first priorities. Hitler was the biggest priority. |
| What was V.E day? | Victory in Europe Day |
| What happened at the Potsdam Conference? For Germany | Germany was divided into four occupation zones. The Soviet Union controlled East Germany. The United States, Britain, and France controlled West Germany. Germany’s economy was decentralized. East Berlin → Soviet control West Berlin → Allied control |
| What is a blitzkrieg? | Warfare in which surprise air attacks are followed by massive attacks on land. -Unpredictable and fast -Lighting war |
| What was the Pacific war strategy? | Island Hopping -They go from taking over land from island to island -We were making our way over to the main land of Japan |
| What countries did Germany take over prior to the war beginning? (Short Answer Queston) | Germany Takes: Sudetenland Czechoslovakia Rhineland Austria |
| What countries did Italy take over prior to the war beginning? (Short Answer Queston) | Italy Takes: Ethiopia Albania |
| Potsdam Conference-What the U.S. and Britain Wanted | What the U.S. and Britain Wanted A strong German economy to help rebuild Europe. A strong Germany that could resist Soviet influence and communism. |
| Potsdam Conference-What the Soviet Union Wanted | What the Soviet Union Wanted -Remove Germany’s industrial power. -Turn Germany into a mostly agricultural society. -Punish Germany for its invasion of the Soviet Union. |
| Who met at the Potsdam Conference? | The Big 3 US- Harry Truman Britain- Clement Atlee USSR- Joseph Stalin |
| Great Depression | Severe economic downturn that followed the collapse of the US stock market in 1929. |
| APPEASEMENT | Giving in the keep the peace |
| Nazism | The German brand of fascism |
| New Deal | Roosevelt's program for creating jobs and improving the American economy |
| Isolationism | Belief that political ties with other countries |
| Blitzkrieg | Warfare in which surprise air attacks are followed by massive attacks on land |
| Mein Kampf | Book by Hitler outlining his beliefs and goals for Germany |
| Dwight Eisenhower | American general who helped drive the Germans out of Africa |
| Demilitarization | Breaking down armed forces and military |
| The Spark of WW2 | Germany invading Poland September 1st, 1939 |
| 5 beaches for D-day | Gold Utah Sword Omaha Juno |
| Who came up with plan for D-day invasion | Dwight Esienhower |
| What dose V.J day stand for? | Victory in Japan day |
| What happened at the Potsdam Conference? For Japan | They were given the ultimatum -Surrender or be destroyed |
| Battle of Coral Sea | -1st all air battle -Prevented Japan from getting Australia |
| Guadalupe Canal | -Prevented Japan from making and air strip to get to Australia -Used the Navajo code talkers |
| Battle of Midway | -U.S wins -Closest Island to Pearl Harbor |
| Iwo Jima | -Very slow battle -The marines w/t flag -The U.S wins -Navajo code talkers are the main reason we win |
| Okinawa | -Closest battle to the mainland of Japan on this Island -Lost the most people in this battle -U.S wins this battle |
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