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Unit 2 4.2 set 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are examples of areas where public attitudes have changed in the last 50 years? | Homosexuality, drug use, gun control, physical punishment of children, drink driving. |
| Why do public perceptions matter? | They strongly influence policy changes and law‑making. |
| How can changing public views affect laws? | They can lead to decriminalisation (e.g., homosexuality) or tougher penalties (e.g., gun laws). |
| What is an example of public perception shifting an issue from acceptable to criminal? | Drink driving. |
| How was drink driving first dealt with in 1925? | It became an offence, but with no set alcohol limit. |
| Why did attitudes start to change in the 1950s–60s? | Rising car ownership led to more deaths, raising concern. |
| What major law was introduced in 1967? | The Road Safety Act, setting a blood‑alcohol limit of 80mg per 100ml. |
| What happened in 1968 to enforce this limit? | Breathalysers were introduced. |
| What was the impact of early laws and breathalysers? | Road deaths and serious injuries fell sharply. |
| What law was introduced in 1991? | A new offence: causing death by driving under the influence (initially up to 5 years). |
| How did sentencing change in 2014 and 2022? | Sentence increased to 14 years (2014) and life sentences became possible (2022). |
| How have government campaigns influenced public attitudes? | Shifting drink driving from “normal” to socially unacceptable; now 91% see it as wrong. |
| How has media representation influenced public perception? | It helped shift drink driving from acceptable → shameful and dangerous. |
| What is a demographic change? | A shift in the population’s characteristics over time. |
| Give three examples of demographic changes. | Ageing population, migration, urbanisation. |
| How has migration changed the UK since the 1950s? | Large numbers from the Caribbean, Indian subcontinent, Africa, and later Eastern Europe have created a multi‑ethnic society. |
| What was the Windrush generation? | Caribbean migrants arriving from 1948 onwards to help rebuild Britain after WWII. |
| What challenges did the Windrush generation face? | Legal racism, housing discrimination, job inequality, negative stereotypes. |
| What did the Race Relations Act 1965 ban? | Discrimination in public places based on race or ethnicity. |
| When was the Race Relations Act strengthened? | 1968 and 1976. |
| What did the Macpherson Report conclude? | That the Metropolitan Police was institutionally racist. |
| What caused the Windrush scandal? | The government failed to keep migration records, later demanding documents people didn’t have. |
| What happened to victims? | Some were wrongly detained, denied services, or threatened with deportation. |
| What cultural trend has occurred since the 1960s? | A decline in racial prejudice. |
| How have cultural changes affected crime policy? | More support for punishing hate crime and outlawing discrimination. |
| What was smoking viewed as in the 1930s? | Glamorous, normal, socially acceptable. |
| What changed public attitudes in the 1950s–60s? | Scientific research showing smoking causes cancer. |
| What did the Health Act 2006 introduce? | A ban on smoking in enclosed public areas and workplaces. |
| How have smoking rates changed over time? | From 70% of men (1960s) to 11.9% of adults by 2023. |
| How do demographic changes influence policy? | They highlight inequalities and discrimination, prompting anti‑racism laws. |
| How do cultural changes influence policy? | Growing intolerance of harmful behaviours (e.g., racism, smoking) leads to new regulations. |
| Why do laws often change after public attitudes change? | Because laws must reflect current social values to maintain legitimacy. |
Created by:
Cabezablanca