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AP Lang Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How does Holden describe his parents? | Holden describes his parents as nice, but also emotionally distant and very touchy. He doesn’t seem very close with his parents. |
| How does Holden describe his older brother D.B? | He respects his older brother DB, but he thinks that it was wrong for him to go to Hollywood. He thinks that DB is wasting his talent. |
| How does Holden describe his history teacher, Old Spencer? | He describes Old Spencer as old, sickly, and depressing. |
| What’s the one thing Holden actually liked about Selma Thurber, the headmaster’s daughter? | Holden liked that Selma Thurmer wasn’t stuck up and snobby like other wealthy kids. Her ego wasn’t boosted by the fact that her dad is the headmaster. |
| Old Spencer says, "Life i s a game, boy. Life i s a game that one plays according to the rules." Look at Holden's response to his history teacher. What's the irony here? What do we see about Holden that he doesn't see about himself? | The irony in this situation is that Holden rejects the idea that life is a game, and yet he refuses to be a part of the game. He doesn’t see that his refusal to be a part of the “game” is his problem |
| Holden is what is known as an unreliable narrator, meaning we shouldn’t fully accept everything he tells us without thinking more critically about her statements, find and record two examples of Holden skewing reality with exaggeration. | -he says that he is the “most terrific liar you ever saw” -he also describes himself as illiterate even though his vocabulary is extensive and his narration is detailed. |
| give two examples of Holden’s childlike qualities | Holden is very sentimental and he gets hyperfixated on certain things. |
| Give two examples of Holden’s adult like qualities | Holden thinks very critically and he has a very good understanding of social dynamics. |
| One of the themes in this novel will be Holden‘s reluctant to leave the innocence of childhood for the reality of the adult world thinking about your own experience of growing up. Do you think becoming an adult requires a loss of innocence? | Growing up doesn’t necessarily mean losing your innocence. |
| Does being an adult require a certain amount of phoniness? | Holden might see adulthood as fake and phony because some adults may tell lies to protect the innocence of children. |
| Holden says it sounds terrible when someone wishes you good luck as you’re leaving. Why does he think this? | Holden thinks that it’s terrible when someone wishes you good luck as you’re leaving because goodbye sounds very final and permanent. I agree with his because goodbye doesn’t necessarily mean forever. |
| Find three examples of Holden lying to people. | -he tells old Spencer that he has to go to the gym to get equipment. -he lies about trying harder in school even though he got kicked out. -he also lies about being well-educated even though he is failing out. |
| Just confirming that Holden is in fact, a liar, cause you to question the truth of what he tells us as the story’s narrator | Yes, because Holden lies so easily and casually. |
| What are the two parallel things that Holden has/does in chapters 3-4 that mimic old Spencer? | -He hates when Old Spencer calls him boy, but Holden call Ackley “Ackley Kid” -He shows off his red hunting hat just like Old Spencer shows off his blanket. |
| Why do you think Salinger included such connections between Holden and old Spencer? | Salinger does this to shows Holden’s hypocrisy. |
| Holden has flunked out of several schools and tells us that he’s quite illiterate. Is this true? explain how you know. | No, I know this because his narration is very detailed and he uses good vocabulary. He is humorous and uses a lot of imagery. |
| Find and write down a line in chapter 3, that might serve foreshadowing of something dark in Holden’s future | “I’m the most terrific liar… “ evens though this is the opening sentence of the chapter, Holden is going to lie about something in the future that will hurt him really badly. |
| What is Holden’s connection to Jane Gallagher? | Jane was Holden’s close childhood friend. He cared for her deeply and she represents his childlike innocence. |
| If life is a game as Spencer insists, then what do you make of Jane Gallagher’s habit of keeping all of her kings in the back row when she played checkers with Holden? assign some symbolic significance to her actions. | Jane protects her kings just like she protects her innocence and also that she may protecting something valuable. |
| Who is Allie and what caused his death | Allie is Holden’s younger brother who died of leukemia |
| How old was Allie when he died? | At the time of his death, Allie was 11 |
| How old was Holden when Allie died? | At the time of Allie’s death Holden was 13. |
| In terms of psychology, what is interesting about Holden‘s age at the time of Allie‘s death? | A trauma like this at a young age could’ve stunted his emotional growth |
| Do you suspect that Ally’s death was slower fast? How might this have impacted the family? | Because of the leukemia, Allie’s death was most likely slow and prolonged. This would’ve made the trauma for the family worse. |
| How does Holden react in the night of Allie’s death? Assigned some symbolic meaning to Holden’s actions in the garage. | Holden smashed all of the windows in the garage with his fist. This symbolizes overwhelming anger and Holden’s inability to process grief. |
| Holden continues to contradict himself, saying one thing then doing the opposite give two examples from chapters 5 to 7 | -Holden claims he doesn’t like Stradlater, but he continues to do his homework -Holden claims he doesn’t like Jane, but gets upset when Stradlater takes her on a date |
| At the end of chapter 7, what does Holden decide to do? Is this a good idea or not? | Holden decides to leave Pencey Prep and go to New York City. This is not a good idea because Holden is impulsive and emotionally unstable. |
| Why do the ice skates make Holden sad? symbolically what might the ice skates represent? | The ice skates make Holden sad because they remind him of Jane Gallagher. The skates represent his childhood. |
| How does Mrs. Morrow know that Holden is/was a student at Pencey prep? What does this item show us about Holden? | Mrs. morrow knows Holden goes to Pencey because of the stickers on his luggage. It’s shows Holden still has a connection to the school. |
| While telling Mrs. Morrow lies about her son Holden tells us that he thinks mothers are all slightly insane. Do you agree | He says this because Mrs. Morrow believes every lie that Holden is telling her despite knowing her son’s personality |
| How many people does Holden call in the beginning of chapter 9? | He considers calling 7 people |
| How many people does Holden actually call in the beginning of chapter 9? | He doesn’t actually call anybody |
| How long is Holden in the phone booth in the beginning of chapter 9? | He spent 20 minutes in the phone booth |
| Why is the scene in the first paragraph of chapter 9 especially sad? | It shows how truly lonely Holden is |
| For the second time in the novel, Holden has asked someone about the ducks in Central Park and what happens to them in the winter when the lake freezes over. symbolically what might winter represent to Holden? | To Holden the winter represents hardships and loneliness |
| Why does Holden wonder about the ducks in Central Park and what happens to them during the winter? | He wonders what happens to the ducks because he wants to know what’s going to happen to himself when he goes through different hardships. |
| Based on the language Holden uses to describe adults, how does he feel about them? | He views them as phonies. When describing them there is a tone of disgust and cynicism |
| Earlier in the book, Holden uses the pseudonym Rudolf Schmidt and later he uses Jim Steele. What does Holden‘s frequent use of fake name show us about him? | It shows Holden's conflict with being phony and his own insecurities |
| Read between the lines of Jane’s behavior and explain what’s been happening in her home? What evidence leads to your conclusion? | Jane is most likely abused/scared of her steps father. Holden describes him as a booze-hound who walks around only wearing shorts. This insinuates his lack of boundaries. |
| How did Holden feel when he used to hold hands with Jane? Compare this feeling with Holden’s current state of mind. | He felt genuinely happy, unlike his current state of mind. |
| What trait about Ernie does Holden criticize? What is the irony about this? | He criticizes Ernie for being a show off which is ironic because Holden spends the whole night showing off to people. |
| Give two examples from chapters 12-13 showing Holden intentionally withdrawing from people. | -leaving the club to avoid Lillian Simmons -rejecting Sunny after she is sent to his room |
| Give two examples from chapters 12-13 of Holden being a hypocrite. | -criticizing Ernie for showing off while doing the exact same thing himself -hating phonies but continuing to lie to everyone |
| Holden says that Lillian Simmons is a phony and that nobody there actually liked her. Based on your reading of their exchange, is Holden right about Lillian? | He is wrong because Lillian goes out of her way to be nice to Holden, even asking about his brother. |
| Where does Sunny say she’s from. What is the irony in this? | Sunny is from Hollywood. This is ironic due to Holden's hatred for Hollywood. |
| In Holden’s mind women are either wholesome, non-sexual beings, or bad, sexually troublesome beings. What category are the female characters we’ve met so far in? | Wholesome-> (Jane Gallagher, Phoebe Caulfield, the nuns) Troublesome-> (Sunny, Lillian Simmons, Sally Hayes, the 3 girls in the Lavender Room) |
| What are Holden’s views on religion? | Holden is an atheist but he continues to have a connection to Jesus. |
| How does Holden’s explanation/thoughts about his stolen gloves at the beginning of chapter 13 foreshadow his violent confrontation with Maurice? | Holden doesn’t like to fist fight bout then he gets beaten up by Maurice |
| Some critics have argued that Holden wants to be beaten up intentionally put himself in situations where he would be physically hurt explained to coincidence in the book so far that show this to be true. | -He gets hit by Maurice -He fantasizes about being shot |
| Explain why Holden would want (either consciously or subconsciously) to be beaten up | As a result of his guilt, grief, and self-hatred |
| Other critics argue that despite Holden’s preoccupation with death and suicide, he actually wants to live and is not suicidal find and write down three lines from the book that support this idea. | he decides against jumping out of the window |
| How are Holden and his mother similar in the reactions to Allie’s death? | Both of their grief is prolonged |
| Explain Holden’s theory about roommates/friends and suitcases. is he right? Explain your answer. | He specifically hid his suitcases so his roommate wouldn’t get upset but then, Dick showcase Holden’s suitcases as his. Holden is very sensitive so he thought he was doing the right thing by keeping his suitcases away. |
| With which character in Romeo and Juliet, does Holden most identify? What reason does he give for liking this character? What connection can you make between Holden in this character? | Holden liked Mercutio because he felt bad that someone so smart and funny had to die. |
| Why does seeing the little boy walking with his family cheerleading spirits? how might a different person viewed this child and his parents? | It cheers Holdens spirits because the boy is enjoying life and singing a song while the boys parents walked on the curb. I think that other people might find the little boy annoying. |
| Why does Holden like the natural history Museum? Give some symbolic significance to the glass cases | Holden likes the museum because it is unchangeable. The glass symbolizes a safe space where time is frozen. |
| Why doesn’t he go into the museum? What symbolically significant about that fact? | He doesn’t wanna go into the museum because he realized that he has changed while the museum hasn’t. He realizes that the space he used to go for the feeling of being safe is different because of the fact that he is growing up. |
| Look closely at the passage were holding describes Harris Macklin one of his former roommates at first hold, tells us that Harris was a bore, but then he discovered and enjoyed Harris‘s hidden talent. What was Harris‘s talent? | Harris could whistle |
| what does Holden shifting view of Harris show us about his emotional maturity? | He used to think it was boring but now Holden thinks it is beautiful and suggests that he has matured |
| During his conversation with Sally, after the ice-skating flop, what do we learn about Holden’s behavior from Sally that he doesn’t realize himself? | Sally tells Holden that he uses inappropriate language and talks very loudly |
| Look at the last sentence of chapter 17 you know Holden pretty well by now would you say this sentence is true? Why or why not? | Yes, because he often pretends to be severely injured and that is questionable. |
| What frustrates Holden about girls and guys they date? Is he right? Explain your answer. | Holden is frustrated over the fact that girls date guys who are flirty and conceited and doesn’t see the actual truth behind those choices. |
| Where does Holden go to pass the time before meeting Carl Luce for a drink? Why is it surprising that he goes there? | He goes to Radio City Music Hall. It’s surprising because he made fun of the girls who went there. |
| According to Holden, what would Jesus hate about the Christmas show? | Holden says Jesus would hate it because it phony and exaggerated |
| What is ironic about the behavior of the woman who sits next to Holden during the film? is her behavior, unusual or similar to that other adult characters described by Holden? | What’s ironic is her sensitivity but also lack of compassion. Her behavior is similar to other adults. |
| Describe Holden’s and his brother DB’s attitudes toward war in the military what’s this interesting about the last three sentences of chapter 18? | Holden and his brother D.B. both share contempt for war and the military, viewing them as symbols of trauma, futility, and social phoniness. |
| Holden claims to admire Carl Luce’s intellectual ability, but he continually steers the conversation back to Carl’s sex life. What is interesting about Carl’s response to Holden’s action? | Carl Luce refuses to play Holden’s game by diagnosing Holden’s behavior as a sign of immaturity and mental instability |
| How does Carl respond to Holden’s request for advice and companionship? | He recommends that Holden go see a psychoanalytic. |
| How does Holden’s fantasy about having a bullet wound in his stomach reflect his emotional state | It shows how bad his mental health is and that his emotional state is declining. |
| Why do you think Holden call Sally, rather than Jane, when he’s drunk? | Holden calls Sally instead of Jane primarily because he feels a need to protect Jane’s purity |
| Why does Holden decide to walk to the park and what “terrible” event happened there? symbolically how does this event represent Holden? | Holden walks to the park to check on the ducks in the lagoon. While he’s there he drops the record and it shatters. |
| Why does Holden get upset when he thinks about the two rainy days at the cemetery? | He’s frustrated with the unfairness of Allie’s death. |
| How might have Allie‘s death impacted Holden‘s faith? How might this be a factor in Holden‘s increasing thoughts about death and suicide? | Allie’s death shattered Holden’s faith in a just world. He sees death as a trap. |
| What observation does Holden make about how kids and adults look when they’re sleeping? how does this comment reflect his attitudes in general towards childhood and adult adulthood? | Holden observes that children look all right when they are sleeping, whereas adults look lousy. This fits his general feelings about children and adults. |
| Right before Holden wakes Phoebe he tells us the one thing that makes him uncomfortable about her. What is it? Why might this be a problem for Holden? | Holden admits that the one thing that makes him uncomfortable about Phoebe is that she is too affectionate sometimes. her intense affection reminds him of how much he has to lose. |
| notice how Holden‘s descriptions of his sister shift a little as her scolding continues. give two examples of Holden‘s descriptions from that section that are more in line with the way Holden tends to mentally think about adults. | -When Phoebe gets angry, Holden describes her as becoming cold as a goddam wolf. -Holden notes that Phoebe buries her face in the pillow and refuses to look at him, even when he tries to be funny or kidding |
| what evidence does Holden give us that the other boys at Pencey prep actually liked him and that he was in the cool group? | Other students always turned to him for help and were comfortable enough to borrow his stuff. |
| What proved to hold in that Mr. Spencer his old history teacher was a phony just like everyone else does. Mr. Spencer deserve Holden’s ire for this action? | the proof of Mr. Spencer’s phoniness is the way he behaves when the headmaster, Dr. Thurmer, enters the room. Holden observes that Mr. Spencer transforms into a "sycophant," laughing at Thurmer’s jokes and acting in a manner that Holden finds revolting. |
| What comment does Phoebe make after listening to Holden‘s complaints about Pencey? How does this comment show her understanding of Holden? | She challenges him to name just one thing he actually likes, which throws Holden into a panic as he struggles to think of a single positive example. |
| Who is James Castle? | A student at Elkton Hills |
| how did James Castle die? | He committed suicide by jumping out of his window to escape bullying. |
| What is symbolically significant about James Castle’s death? | He died while wearing Holden’s sweater |
| When Phoebe asks Holden’s name, one thing that he really likes a lot was his answer? Why does this upset Phoebe? | he says Allie and the fact that he is sitting there talking to Phoebe. Phoebe is upset because Holden’s answers aren't "real" or "useful" in the way she expects |
| What is Holden‘s dream job? What might the cliff in the scenario Holden describes symbolically represent? | Holden’s dream job is to catch kids from falling off the cliff in the rye field. The cliff in his scenario represents the loss of childhood innocence |
| What’s interesting about the pattern of when Holden wears his red hunting hat? | He always wears the hat when he feels vulnerable, isolated, or judged. |
| What symbolically significant about Holden’s hats color? | He is trying to become like Phoebe and Allie who are both described as having bright red hair. |
| Why is it interesting that Holden‘s now gifted his red hunting hat to his little sister? | Throughout the book, the hat has been Holden’s defense against phoniness. By giving it to Phoebe, he is admitting he can no longer protect himself |
| In chapters 23 and 24 Holden grows physically ill suffering from both stomach troubles and headaches. what is the symbolic meaning behind Holden’s illnesses? | Holden’s physical deterioration is a manifestation of his mental collapse. Holden’s stomach troubles represent his disgust with society. He cannot digest the liesand hypocrisy he has encountered in New York. |
| What is Holden‘s attitude towards storytellers who digress. how is this attitude reflected in his own style of storytelling? | Holden expresses a strong affinity for storytellers who digress, viewing the act of wandering off-topic as a sign of authenticity and natural human interest. Holden’s entire narrative is a masterclass in digression. |
| Holden tells us that Mr. Vincent “was very intelligent now, but you couldn’t tell he didn’t have too much brains.” according to Holden what’s the difference between being intelligent and having brains? is he right? | To Holden, intelligence is often academic, performative, and cold. Having brains" implies common sense, empathy, and authenticity. |
| Mr. Antolini says “ I have a feeling that you’re riding for some kind of terrible terrible fall, but I don’t honestly know what kind…” explain the connection between this line and Holden’s dream job | In his fantasy, Holden imagines children playing in a field of rye near a a cliff. His goal is to catch them before they fall off. He realizes that while Holden is obsessed with saving others from falling, Holden is the one currently plummeting. |
| Quoting a psychoanalyst, Mr. Antolini tells Holden “the mark of an immature man is that he wants to die nobly for a cause while the mark of a mature man is that he wants to live humbly for one.” explain what this means | Holden’s dream of being the Catcher in the Rye is a noble death fantasy. He wants to be a superhero. Antolini is trying to turn Holden into a humble liver. |
| There are two ways of looking at what happened at the end of ch.24 with Mr. Antolini in the apartment. First, explain what Holden thinks was happening. | In Holden’s mind, the incident at the end of Chapter 24 is a clear-cut case of predatory behavior.Holden’s interpretation is based on his reaction to waking up and finding Mr. Antolini sitting on the floor next to the couch, stroking his head. |
| Give an alternative, more-innocent explanation of what might have happened in the apartment with Mr. Antolini. | Mr. Antolini was trying to be a father figure to a boy who is going through hardships and needed a shoulder to lean on. |
| What worries holden about crossing the streets as he walks along fifth Avenue what comforts him and allows him to continue walking what does this part of the chapter show the reader? | As Holden steps off the curb to cross each street, he is overwhelmed by the terrifying sensation that he will disappear. He fins comfort in talking aloud to Allie |
| As Holden unravels in ch 25, he talks about pretending to be a deaf mute moving out west he fantasize that he’ll marry a beautiful deaf-mute and the live on the edge of the woods in a sun soaked cabin. What does Holden say he’ll do with their children? | He says that he will lock the children up. |
| What does Holden’s fantasy about being a deaf-mute show the reader? | Holden’s fantasy of pretending to be a deaf-mute living in a cabin out West is a symbol of his total psychological withdrawal from society |
| when Holden visits Phoebe school, he noticed swear words written on the walls. he suspect “some perverty bum” has broken into the school and left the graffiti. What’s a more likely explanation about the identity of the person who wrote the graffiti? | It was most likely a student. |
| How would Holden’s realization of who left the graffiti alter the way he views the world? | He would realize that some children are not as innocent as they seem. |
| In what clever way does Salinger remind us of the beginning of Holden’s journey here at the end of the story? | At the very beginning of the novel, Holden tells us he is "run-down" and staying at a place near Hollywood to take it easy. At the end, we realize he is speaking from a psychiatric rest home. |
| How does what Holden says when Phoebe is riding the carrousel show a monumental shift in the way Holden views the world? | He is accepting that children eventually have to grow up |
| Is Holden’s shift in the way he views the world at the end of the book a hopeful sign for him? | Yes because it shows that he’s relinquishing control. |
| why didn’t Holden ride the carousel? | Holden refuses to ride the carousel because he finally recognizes that he cannot remain a child and must accept his transition into the adult world |
| Analyze what Holden says when is starts raining as he’s watching the carrousel in a hopeful way. | He is finally vulnerable to the world without fighting it. By sitting in the rain and getting soaked, he is accepting reality as it is, rather than trying to control or escape it |
| Analyze what Holden says when it starts raining as he’s watching the carrousel in a troubling way. | his willingness to get soaked can be seen as a loss of the will to care for himself. He has stopped fighting the world, but he has also stopped participating in it. He is passive to the point of self-neglect |
| In ch26 the story catches up to real time. Where is Holden now? | He is now in a “ward” most likely a mental institution |
| To whom has Holden been telling the story to? | Holden is telling his story to a psychoanalyst or therapist |
| Fallacy that is attacking a point of view that is not your own | Straw man fallacy |
| Fallacy that is a distraction or a diversion | Red herring fallacy |
| Fallacy that is a claim that something will start a chain reaction of undesirable outcomes | Slippery slope fallacy |
| Fallacy that is an appeal to popularity | Bandwagon fallacy |
| Fallacy that is a conclusion based on unproven causation | Post hoc ergo proctor hoc fallacy |
| Fallacy that is a choice between two options | Dichotomy/dilemma fallacy |
| Fallacy that is attacking an opponent instead of addressing the issue | Ad Hominem fallacy |
| Fallacy that is reaching a conclusion based on insufficient evidence | Hasty Generalization fallacy |
| Fallacy that is arguing that something is defective because of its origin or makeup | Genetic fallacy |
| Fallacy that is relying on an argument to be convincing by restating the conclusion | Circular argument fallacy |
| Fallacy that is a comparison between two unlike objects or concepts | False analogy fallacy |
| Appeal to credibility and trust | Ethos |
| Appeal to logic | Logos |
| Appeal to emotion | Pathos |
| The author’s intentional choice of words | Diction |
| A sentence where the main clause is at the very end of the sentence | Periodic sentence |
| A sentence where the main clause is at the beginning of the sentence | Cumulative sentence |
| the dictionary definition of the word | Denotation |
| A definition that goes beyond the literal meaning of a word | Connotation |
| A direct comparison that says something IS another thing | Metaphor |
| A comparison using like or as. It compares two unlike things using something the reader already knows. | Simile |
| Giving humane qualities to inanimate objects | Personification |
| The arrangement of words and phrases in a sentence | Syntax |
| The repetition of a grammatical form in a sentence | Parallel structure |
| A type of parallel structure that uses opposing ideas | Antithesis |
| The author’s attitude towards the subject | Tone |
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mcgaughey27017