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ENV Sc Ch 5 Vocab 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Artificial Selection | Is selection under human direction, select traits best for the enviroment. |
| Mutation | Change in DNA |
| Gene | a sequence of DNA that codes for a particulartrait |
| Natural Selection | Process by which traits that are useful for survival and reproduction are passed . |
| Evolution | Change over time |
| Gene Pool | All genes present in a population |
| Biolical Evolution | The change in populations gene pool over time |
| Speciation | Is the process by which a new species are generated |
| Genetic Drift | Biological evolution that occurs by chance or luck |
| Extintion | The disapearance of species from earth |
| Niche | an organism's habitat, resource use, and fundamental role in a community |
| Commensalism | a relationship between two organisms from diferent species in which one benifits and the other is unaffected |
| Symbiosis | a long term and physically close relationship between two organizisms from different species in which at least one organism benefits |
| Predation | the process by which individuals of one species (the predators) hunt, capture, and feed on an individual of another species |
| Parasitism | A relationship between two organisms from different species in which one organism (the parasite) depends on the other (the host) for nourishment or some other benefit |
| Mimicry | imitation of something else. |
| endopararsite | Internal parasites. They live on the inside of the host's body |
| Character Displacement | resource partitioning can lead to the evolution of physical charactics among competing species that reflect their specialized role in the enviroment. Through increased differences, two species can reduce competiton |
| Resource partitioning | A process that allows different species to share common resources |
| Mutualism | a relationship between two organisms from differnet species provided by nature in which both organisms benefit |
| Tolerance | the ability to survive and reproduce under changing enviromental conditions |
| Competitive exclusion | Direct competion between species often result in a winner and loser. If one species is a very effective competitor, it may exclude another species from the resource entirely |
| ectoparasite | external parasites, they live on their host but do not enter the host’s body. |
| trophic level | organism’s rank in a feeding hierarchy |
| keystone species | critical to the functioning of the ecosystem in which it lives because it affects the survival and abundance of many other species in the community |
| food web | Shows the overlapping and interconnected food chains present in a community, links all the food chains in an ecosystem together |
| omnivore | combination eaters-both plants and animals |
| herbivore | plant-eaters |
| photosynthesis | the process by which green plants use the light energy from the sun to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. |
| decomposer | are a class of detritivores that cause decay by breaking down organic compounds |
| biomass | is the mass of living tissue it contains |
| autotroph (141) | are organisms that are able to make their own food through photosynthesis. |
| food chain | Linear series of feeding relationships All food chains begin with an autotroph |
| heterotroph | are organisms that cannot make their own food. |
| carnivore | meat-eaters |
| consumer | organisms that obtain energy by feeding on other organisms |
| primary producer | always occupy the first trophic level of any community |
| detritivore | feed on plant and animal remains, animal wastes, and other dead matter. |
Created by:
dlaneyehs