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3.1.4 HBS Vocab

TermDefinition
Asthma A condition where airways become inflamed and narrow, making breathing difficult.
Punctured Lung When air leaks into the chest cavity due to a hole in the lung, causing it to collapse.
Pulmonary Fibrosis Scarring of lung tissue that makes breathing harder.
Pulmonary Edema Fluid buildup in the lungs that makes it difficult to breathe.
Hyperventilate Breathing too fast or too deeply, often from anxiety or lack of oxygen.
Breathing Gas Exchange
Diffusion Movement of gases (like oxygen and carbon dioxide) from high concentration to low concentration.
Inspiration Breathing in (inhaling oxygen).
Expiration Breathing out (exhaling carbon dioxide).
Respiratory Rate The number of breaths per minute.
Respiratory Tests / Measurements Measurements
Pulse Oximetry A test that measures oxygen levels in the blood using a finger clip.
Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) The fastest speed air can be blown out of the lungs.
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) Measurement of how fast you can exhale air, often used for asthma.
Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1) The amount of air a person can forcefully exhale in one second.
Bronchodilator A medicine that relaxes and opens airways to help breathing.
Upper Respiratory Tract The part of the breathing system that brings air into the body (nose to throat).
Larynx The voice box that contains vocal cords
Pharynx The throat, a passageway for air and food.
Nasal Cavity The space inside the nose where air is warmed, cleaned, and moistened.
Lower Respiratory Tract The part of the system that moves air into the lungs.
Bronchi The two main tubes that carry air from the trachea into the lungs.
Bronchioles Small branches of the bronchi that lead to alveoli.
Alveoli Tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
Trachea The windpipe, a tube that carries air to the lungs.
Lungs The organs that allow breathing and gas exchange.
Right Superior Lobe (Right Upper) The top section of the right lung.
Right Medial Lobe (Right Middle) The middle section of the right lung.
Right Inferior Lobe (Right Lower) The bottom section of the right lung.
Left Superior Lobe (Left Upper) The top section of the left lung.
Left Inferior Lobe (Left Lower) The bottom section of the left lung.
Horizontal Fissure A line that separates the upper and middle lobes of the right lung.
Oblique Fissure A line that separates lung lobes diagonally.
Diaphragm The muscle below the lungs that helps you breathe
Cartilaginous Rings C-shaped rings of cartilage that keep the trachea open.
Epiglottis A flap that closes the airway when swallowing so food doesn’t enter the lungs.
Respiratory Zone The part of the lungs where gas exchange happens (alveoli).
Conducting Zone The airways that move air but do not exchange gases (nose → bronchioles).
Created by: user-1898988
 

 



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