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respiratory system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Asthma | A condition where the airways in the lungs become swollen and narrow, making it hard to breathe. |
| Punctured Lung | When air leaks into the space around the lung because of an injury, causing the lung to collapse. |
| Pulmonary Fibrosis | A disease where lung tissue becomes thick and scarred, making it harder for oxygen to enter the blood. |
| Pulmonary Edema | A condition where fluid builds up in the lungs, making breathing difficult. |
| Hyperventilate | Breathing very fast and deep, often from panic, exercise, or lack of oxygen. |
| Diffusion | The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood. |
| Inspiration | Breathing air into the lungs (inhaling). |
| Expiration | Breathing air out of the lungs (exhaling). |
| Respiratory Rate | The number of breaths a person takes in one minute. |
| Pulse Oximetry | A test that uses a small device on the finger to measure how much oxygen is in the blood. |
| Peak Expiratory Flow | The fastest speed air can be blown out of the lungs. |
| Peak Expiratory Flow Rate | The measurement of how fast a person can push air out of their lungs. |
| Forced Expiratory Volume | The amount of air a person can forcefully breathe out in one second. |
| Bronchodilator | A medicine that relaxes and opens the airways to help someone breathe easier. |
| Upper Respiratory Tract | The part of the respiratory system that includes the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx. |
| Larynx | The voice box that helps produce sound and keeps the airway open. |
| Pharynx | The throat that connects the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus. |
| Nasal Cavity | The space inside the nose where air is warmed, cleaned, and moistened. |
| Lower Respiratory Tract | The part of the respiratory system that includes the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs. |
| Bronchi | Two large tubes that carry air from the trachea into each lung. |
| Bronchioles | Small airways inside the lungs that branch off from the bronchi. |
| Alveoli | Tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves. |
| Trachea | The windpipe that carries air from the throat to the bronchi. |
| Lungs | Two organs in the chest that help the body breathe and exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. |
| Right Superior Lobe | The top section of the right lung. |
| Right Medial Lobe | The middle section of the right lung. |
| Right Inferior Lobe | The bottom section of the right lung. |
| Left Superior Lobe | The top section of the left lung. |
| Left Inferior Lobe | The bottom section of the left lung. |
| Horizontal Fissure | A line that separates the upper and middle lobes of the right lung. |
| Oblique Fissure | A line that separates the upper and lower lobes of both lungs. |
| Diaphragm | A large muscle under the lungs that helps with breathing. |
| Cartilaginous Rings | C-shaped rings in the trachea that keep the airway open. |
| Epiglottis | A flap that closes over the windpipe when swallowing so food doesn’t go into the lungs. |
| Respiratory Zone | The part of the lungs where gas exchange happens |
| Conducting Zone | The airways that move air to the lungs but do not exchange gases. |