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Respiratory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Asthma | A chronic disease where the airways become inflamed and narrowed, making it difficult to breathe. |
| Punctured Lung | A condition where air leaks into the space between the lung and chest wall, causing the lung to collapse (also called pneumothorax). |
| Pulmonary Fibrosis | A lung disease where lung tissue becomes scarred and stiff, making breathing difficult. |
| Pulmonary Edema | A condition where fluid builds up in the lungs, making it hard to breathe. |
| Hyperventilate | To breathe very quickly or deeply, often causing too much carbon dioxide to leave the body. |
| Diffusion | The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and blood in the lungs. |
| Inspiration | The process of breathing in air into the lungs. |
| Expiration | The process of breathing out air from the lungs. |
| Respiratory Rate | The number of breaths a person takes per minute. |
| Pulse Oximetry | A test that measures the amount of oxygen in the blood using a sensor placed on a finger. |
| Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) | The fastest speed at which a person can blow air out of their lungs. |
| Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) | A measurement of how quickly air can be forced out of the lungs after a deep breath. |
| Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1) | The amount of air a person can forcefully exhale in one second. |
| Bronchodilator | A medication that relaxes airway muscles and opens air passages to make breathing easier. |
| Upper Respiratory Tract | The part of the respiratory system that includes the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx. |
| Larynx | The voice box that contains vocal cords and helps produce sound. |
| Pharynx | The throat; a passageway for air from the nose to the larynx. |
| Nasal Cavity | The hollow space inside the nose that warms, moistens, and filters air. |
| Lower Respiratory Tract | The part of the respiratory system that includes the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs. |
| Bronchi | Two large air tubes that branch from the trachea into each lung. |
| Bronchioles | Small branches of the bronchi that lead to the alveoli. |
| Alveoli | Tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged. |
| Trachea | The windpipe; a tube that carries air from the larynx to the bronchi. |
| Lungs | The main organs of the respiratory system that allow gas exchange. |
| Right Superior Lobe (Right Upper) | The upper section of the right lung. |
| Right Medial Lobe (Right Middle) | The middle section of the right lung. |
| Right Inferior Lobe (Right Lower) | The lower section of the right lung. |
| Left Superior Lobe (Left Upper) | The upper section of the left lung. |
| Left Inferior Lobe (Left Lower) | The lower section of the left lung. |
| Horizontal Fissure | A line that separates the right upper lobe from the right middle lobe. |
| Oblique Fissure | A line that separates lung lobes, dividing upper and lower lobes in both lungs. |
| Diaphragm | A large muscle under the lungs that helps with breathing by contracting and relaxing. |
| Cartilaginous Rings | C-shaped rings of cartilage that keep the trachea open. |
| Epiglottis | A flap of tissue that closes over the trachea when swallowing to keep food out of the airway. |
| Respiratory Zone | The area of the lungs where gas exchange occurs (mainly in the alveoli). |
| Conducting Zone | The airways that carry air to the lungs but do not participate in gas exchange. |
Created by:
Maliya Brown