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Foynesfr
Europe and the World in the 1960s
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Space Race | A competition between the USA and the USSR during the Cold War to achieve major successes in space exploration and prove which country was more advanced. |
| Sputnik | The first satellite sent into space in 1957 by the Soviet Union. It shocked the USA and began the Space Race. |
| Arms Race | A competition between the USA and the USSR to build more and stronger nuclear weapons during the Cold War. |
| First People in Space | The first person in space was Yuri Gagarin in 1961. The first American in space was Alan Shepard in 1961. |
| Moon Landings | The successful landing of American astronauts on the Moon in 1969 as part of the Apollo programme. |
| Neil Armstrong | Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the Moon in 1969 and said, “That’s one small step for man…” |
| Gemini Mission | A series of NASA space missions (1965–1966) that tested space travel skills like docking spacecraft, preparing for the Moon landing. |
| Apollo Mission | The NASA space programme that aimed to land humans on the Moon. Apollo 11 was the most famous mission. |
| NASA | NASA is the United States space agency, founded in 1958 to lead space exploration. |
| The Eagle | The name of the Lunar Module that landed on the Moon during Apollo 11 in 1969. |
| Consequences of the Moon Landings | The Moon landing was a propaganda victory for the USA in the Cold War, led to major technological breakthroughs, and encouraged further space missions. |
| Civil Rights Movement | A campaign in the USA during the 1950s and 1960s to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans. |
| Dr Martin Luther King Jr. | Martin Luther King Jr. was the leader of the Civil Rights Movement who promoted non-violent protest. |
| Non-Violent Protest | A peaceful way of protesting injustice, using marches, speeches and boycotts instead of violence. |
| The Montgomery Bus Boycott | A 1955–1956 protest in Alabama where African Americans refused to use city buses after segregation laws were enforced. It began after Rosa Parks was arrested. |
| The Little Rock Protests | In 1957, nine African American students faced violence when trying to attend Little Rock Central High School after segregation was ruled illegal. |
| I Have a Dream Speech | A famous 1963 speech made by Martin Luther King Jr. in Washington D.C., calling for equality and an end to racism. |
| Selma March | Civil rights marches in Alabama in 1965 demanding voting rights for African Americans. |
| Voting Rights Act 1965 | A US law passed in 1965 that made it illegal to prevent African Americans from voting. |
| Civil Rights Act 1964 | A US law that ended segregation in public places and banned discrimination based on race, religion or gender. |
| Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) | An organisation led by Martin Luther King Jr. that promoted non-violent protest for civil rights. |
| ANC in South Africa | The African National Congress fought against apartheid (racial segregation) in South Africa. |
| Gay Rights Movement | A movement that began gaining strength in the 1960s demanding equal rights and an end to discrimination against LGBTQ+ people. |
| Student Movement in the 1960s | Student protests across Europe and the USA demanding political reform, civil rights and an end to the Vietnam War. |
| Environmental Movement | A movement that grew in the 1960s raising awareness about pollution, conservation and protecting the planet. |
| Women’s Movement | A movement campaigning for equal pay, equal rights, reproductive rights and greater opportunities for women. |
| Emergence of Youth Culture | In the 1960s, teenagers began to develop their own identity, music, fashion and attitudes separate from their parents. |
| Music in the 1960s | Music became a major part of youth culture. Bands like The Beatles and The Rolling Stones became global stars. |
| Fashion in the 1960s | Fashion became more colourful and expressive, including mini-skirts, long hair, and bold patterns reflecting youth rebellion. |
| Impact of Youth Culture | Youth culture changed attitudes towards authority, fashion, music and social issues, making society more modern and less conservative. |
| Rosa Parks | Rosa Parks refused to give up her bus seat in 1955, helping to spark the Civil Rights Movement. |
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