change over time; the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms

selective breeding of plants and animals to promote the occurrence of desirable traits in offspring

process by which organisms that are most suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest

heritable characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in an environment

how well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment

body parts that share a common function, but not structure

structure that is inherited from ancestors but has lost much or all of its original function

Homologous Structures

structures that are similar in different species of common ancestry

preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms

the study of past and present distribution of organisms

all the genes, including all the different alleles for each gene, that are present in a population at any one time

the number of times that an allele occurs in a gene pool compared with the number of alleles in that pool for the same gene

random change in allele frequency caused by a series of chance occurrences that cause an allele to become more or less common in a population

a change in allele frequency following a dramatic reduction in the size of a population

change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population

situation in which allele frequencies in a population remain the same

the movement of genes into or out of a population

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Evolution Vocab

Term	Definition
Evolution	change over time; the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
Artificial Selection	selective breeding of plants and animals to promote the occurrence of desirable traits in offspring
Natural Selection	process by which organisms that are most suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest
Speciation	formation of a new species
Adaptation	heritable characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in an environment
Fitness	how well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment
Analogous Structure	body parts that share a common function, but not structure
Vestigial Structures	structure that is inherited from ancestors but has lost much or all of its original function
Homologous Structures	structures that are similar in different species of common ancestry
Fossil	preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms
Biogeography	the study of past and present distribution of organisms
Gene Pool	all the genes, including all the different alleles for each gene, that are present in a population at any one time
Allele Frequency	the number of times that an allele occurs in a gene pool compared with the number of alleles in that pool for the same gene
Genetic Drift	random change in allele frequency caused by a series of chance occurrences that cause an allele to become more or less common in a population
Bottleneck Effect	a change in allele frequency following a dramatic reduction in the size of a population
Founder Effect	change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population
Genetic Equilibrium	situation in which allele frequencies in a population remain the same
Gene Flow	the movement of genes into or out of a population

Created by: kdulin

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