Order for lymphocyte circulation

Bone marrow & thymus, venous blood, arterial blood, lymphoid tissue, peripheral tissue, capillary network, lymph vessel, lymph node.

3 examples of antigens

Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates

How do antigens initiate the immune response

Excite the immune system, bind to receptors on lymphocytes / or by being engulfed and "presented" by macrophages.

Major role of macrophages

Engulf foreign particles. "Tell" immunocompetent T cells and then act as killer macrophages to any remaining pathogens.

What does a plasma cell do

Produces huge numbers of the same antibody (immunoglobulin): represents further specialization of B cell clone descendants.

What is immunoglobulin and what does it do

Y shaped proteins produced by plasma cells- acts as crucial immune defenders by specifically binding to and neutralizing antigens like bacteria and viruses. Recognizes foreign substances, activates complement and mediates phagocytosis.

Difference between lymphokines and monokines

Chemicals released by sensitized T cells / Chemicals released by activated macrophages.

Explain what happens in an allergic reaction and use a specific allergen

Body encounters allergen (peanut). Allergen binds to IgE antibodies on mast cells. Mast cells release inflammatory mediators (histamine) into surrounding tissue. Causes allergy symptoms.

What is anaphylactic shock

Systemic acute allergic response.

Difference between congenital and acquired immunodeficiency

Genetic, inherited defect typically present at birth / Secondary immunodeficiency- develops later in life due to external factors.

3 autoimmune diseases

Multiple sclerosis, Graves' disease, Rheumatoid arthritis.

What goes wrong in autoimmune diseases

The immune system loses its ability to tolerate self-antigens, while still recognizing and attacking foreign antigens.

3 main points about the specific body defenses

Antigens specific, systemic, has memory

T/F: The goal of non specific defenses is to identify and attack antigens

False: it's to prevent entry and spread of microorganisms through the body.

T/F: Lymph enters nodes through venous capillaries

False: Through lymphatic vessels.

Specific Defense (immune system)

A functional system to maintain health and homeostatic balance

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Study Guide

Question	Answer
Order for lymphocyte circulation	Bone marrow & thymus, venous blood, arterial blood, lymphoid tissue, peripheral tissue, capillary network, lymph vessel, lymph node.
3 examples of antigens	Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates
2 types of acquired immunity	Humoral and cellular
How do antigens initiate the immune response	Excite the immune system, bind to receptors on lymphocytes / or by being engulfed and "presented" by macrophages.
Major role of macrophages	Engulf foreign particles. "Tell" immunocompetent T cells and then act as killer macrophages to any remaining pathogens.
What does a plasma cell do	Produces huge numbers of the same antibody (immunoglobulin): represents further specialization of B cell clone descendants.
What is immunoglobulin and what does it do	Y shaped proteins produced by plasma cells- acts as crucial immune defenders by specifically binding to and neutralizing antigens like bacteria and viruses. Recognizes foreign substances, activates complement and mediates phagocytosis.
Difference between lymphokines and monokines	Chemicals released by sensitized T cells / Chemicals released by activated macrophages.
Explain what happens in an allergic reaction and use a specific allergen	Body encounters allergen (peanut). Allergen binds to IgE antibodies on mast cells. Mast cells release inflammatory mediators (histamine) into surrounding tissue. Causes allergy symptoms.
What is anaphylactic shock	Systemic acute allergic response.
Difference between congenital and acquired immunodeficiency	Genetic, inherited defect typically present at birth / Secondary immunodeficiency- develops later in life due to external factors.
3 autoimmune diseases	Multiple sclerosis, Graves' disease, Rheumatoid arthritis.
What goes wrong in autoimmune diseases	The immune system loses its ability to tolerate self-antigens, while still recognizing and attacking foreign antigens.
3 main lymph nodes location	Inguinal, axillary, cervical
3 main points about the specific body defenses	Antigens specific, systemic, has memory
T/F: The goal of non specific defenses is to identify and attack antigens	False: it's to prevent entry and spread of microorganisms through the body.
T/F: The kidneys clean the lymph before it returns to the blood stream	False: Lymph nodes.
T/F: Secondary lymphoid organs are structures predominantly populated by lymphocytes that migrated from the primary lymphoid organs	True
T/F: Lymph enters nodes through venous capillaries	False: Through lymphatic vessels.
T/F: A fever is a systemic response triggered by electrolytes	False: Pyrogens.
Specific Defense (immune system)	A functional system to maintain health and homeostatic balance

Created by: user-1793905

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