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Bio 111 exam 2 pt 2

QuestionAnswer
cambrian explosion lots of phyla in Animalia arose through this event
choanocytes (in Porifera) specialized cells found in porifera (synapomorphy of sponges)
What is the major feature of Porifera that helps them get thick? they have an outer layer called the epidermis and the inner cell layer captures food
How do porifera make their gametes? Asexual reproduction
what are protostomes (features) -blastopore becomes mouth -spiral cleavage -determinate cleavage
what are deuterstomes (features) -blastopore becomes anus -radial cleavage -indeterminate cleavage
what are diploblastic tissues and organism example have two germ layers: ectoderm and endoderm. Ex) Cnidaria
what are triploblastic tissues and organism example have three germ layers: endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm. Ex) humans and most animals
what is a blastula? early stage of embryonic development where the cell starts cleaving, then becomes a "hollow ball" of cells
what is a gastrula? happens after the blastula, forms the two germ layers
gastrulation transforming a blastula into a gastrula (gut formation)
what two phyla lack a mesoderm? cnidaria and ctenophora
2 big clades of protostomes (and some similarities) Lophotrochozans and Ecdysczoa. Both bilaterally symmetrical
what are platyhelminthes and features flatworms. bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic
what are mollusca? phylum that includes snails, clams, etc. 3 main body regions: mantle, foot, visceral mass.
what feature does phylum annelida have? segmentation where they can "add on" to their own body to grow
what are nematoda? phylum of round worms, move by hydrostatic pressure
3 main functions of animal skeletons 1) protection 2) movement 3) support
timeline of insect evolution 1) origin of hexapods 2) origin of wings 3) origin of wing folding 4) origin of metamorphosis
chordata (what are they and features) major animal phylum includes humans, fish, frogs, etc. Have a notochord (synapomorphy) and dorsal hollow nerve chord and pharyngeal slits
Created by: madalynes
 

 



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