Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Ecology Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Adaptation | Characteristic, improves organism's ability to survive and reproduce |
| Natural selection | Process, individuals with certain characteristics tend to survive and reproduce at a higher rate |
| Evolution | Changes over time in the frequencies of different alleles in a population |
| Stabilizing selection | the intermediate phenotype is favored over extremes |
| Directional selection | One extreme targeted and eliminated, shifting chart over |
| Disruptive selection | The extreme phenotypes are favored over intermediate |
| Gene flow | Movement in alleles via dispersal, can introduce new alleles into a population |
| Genetic drift | random, most influential in small populations over short times |
| Founder effect | Few individuals start a new, isolated population |
| Bottleneck effect | Population is drastically reduced in size, random genetic sample of original population |
| Extinction vortex | Positive feedback loop. small populations tend to get smaller |
| Phenotypic plasticity | Variation in form due to environment |
| Ecotypes | Locally adapted and genetically distinctive populations |
| Evolutionary significant unit | Populations that exhibit a high level of genetic differentiation |
| Sexual selection | Organism's ability to obtain or successfully copulate with a mate |
| Intersexual selection | typically female choosing the mate |
| Intersexual selection | typically male-male competition |
| Runaway theory | if females prefer a trait, that trait & presence is passed on |
| Handicap principle | Traits displayed by ONLY males in good condition, good indicator of male condition |
| Biological species concept | Individual can interbreed, produce fertile offspring, reproductively isolated |
| Allopatric speciation | populations become isolated |
| Sympatric speciation | individuals inhabit the same geographic region |
| Geographical isolation | individuals occupy different areas, doesn't interact with one another |
| Ecological isolation | Individuals occupy same area, different environments |
| Temporal isolation | Individuals occupy same area, different times |
| Behavioral isolation | Individuals occupy same area, different behaviors to attract species |
| Microclimates | Scale of a few kilometers, meters, or centimeters, scale related to organism |
| Albedo | Amount of radiation reflected by a surface |
| Ectotherms | require external source of energy |
| Endotherms | internal sources of energy |
| Thermal neutral zone | Range of temperatures when metabolic rate doesn't change |
| metabolic heat | always a heat gain |
| Conduction | Direct physical contact, heat flow from warmer object to cooler object |
| Convection | Solid body and moving fluid, heat flows from warmer object to colder object |
| Radiation | From the sun, basking is common to increase heat gain |
| Bergmann's rule | Larger bodies in colder climates, smaller bodies in warmer climates |
| Allen's rule | appendages are short in cooler climates, longer in warmer climates |
Created by:
user-1973690