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Sociology Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Assimilation | a pattern of relations between ethnic or racial groups in which the minority group is absorbed into the mainstream or majority group |
| Forced assimilation | a person or group is compelled to take on the practices of another culture |
| Unforced assimilation | a person or group takes on the practices of another culture but is not forcibly compelled to do so |
| Ethnocentrism | A belief, attitude or mindset that holds that one’s own ethnic group is superior to all others A tendency to judge other cultures by the standards of one’s own |
| Cultural Genocide- | the systematic destruction of traditions, values, language, and other elements that make one group of people distinct from another Usually committed by another, dominant, cultural group Examples: holocaust, slavery |
| Systemic Oppression | Goes beyond individual/personal feelings or lack of respect Focus on society as a whole |
| Social Inequality | The unequal distribution of wealth, prestige, power among members in society |
| Social Stratification | Where members of a society are categorized and divided into groups which are then placed in a hierarchy Social stratification produces patterns of social inequality in society |
| Social Structures | Patterns of behaviors and relationships |
| What is culture? | Culture is an entire way of life for a group of people. It is the norms, values, and beliefs that a group hold about themselves. For most groups, their culture is the greatest representation of who they are |
| Culture consists of… | Values members of a group hold The languages they speak The symbols they revere The norms they follow The material goods they create |
| Culture is | learned, so it is a part of all social relations. It emerges from social interactions It is passed from one generation to the next through communication… not genetic. |
| Culture acts as | a lens through which we view the world |
| 4 characteristics of culture | 1. Culture is an emergent process 2. Culture is learned 3. Culture channels human behaviors 4. Culture maintains boundaries |
| Reference groups | provide the yardstick to measure ourselves Embracing the norms of a referent group can give us a sense of connection; fitting in. not embracing those norms can make us feel like an outsider Can impact our behaviors and sense of self |
| Internalization | we individuals adopt the beliefs of their group and make them their own. This channels behavior |
| The Sociological Imagination | the ability to see the relationship between individual experiences (biography) and larger socio-historical forces (history) |
| The Other | treating groups as separate and subordinate, the dominant group |
| The Self | a person's distinct, evolving identity and self-awareness, constructed entirely through social interaction rather than biology |
| Cultural Appropriation | when members of a dominant group adopt cultural elements of a minority group in an exploitative, disrespectful, or stereotypical way It promotes ethnocentrism, even if that was not the intention |
| Commodification | transforming something into a product for commercial purposes, an item to be brought and sold |
| Stereotypes | Oversimplified generalizations about groups of people. Could be positive or negative |
| Prejudices | refers to the beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and attitudes someone holds about a group |
| Feminine beauty ideal | The socially constructed notion that physical attractiveness is one of women’s most important assets, and something all women should strive to achieve and maintain |
| Society | a group of people who live in a defined geographic area who interact and share a common culture |
| Agency | the ability of individuals or groups to resist, challenge, and eventually change those aspects of society and culture that impinge upon us We are not puppets |
| Society consists of | Patterns of behavior and relationships (social structures) and Shared ideas, language, values, beliefs (cultures) |
| The 3 assumptions of the Sociological Perspective | 1. Individuals are social beings 2. Individuals are, for the most part, socially determined 3. Individuals can shape society, but society can also shape us as individuals |
| What Is Sociology? | Sociology is the scientific study of human social life, groups, and societies |
Created by:
liladdoyle