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Lab test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The group in a study that receives treatment or change, the one that the researcher is testing | Experimental Group |
| Group that does not receive treatment or change, the group that stays the same | Control Group |
| How minerals break | Cleavage |
| How minerals reflect light | Luster |
| The true color of a mineral | Streak |
| How strong the mineral is | Hardness |
| Is a solid, cohesive aggregate of one or more minerals or mineral materials | Rock |
| Rocks have a SiO2 content between 45% and 52% and are rich in iron, magnesium, and calcium. | Mafic |
| Have a silica greater than 65% | Felsic |
| mineral crystals which are too small to see with the naked eye because they cool quickly | Aphanitic |
| Mineral grains are large enough to see with the naked eye | Phaneritic |
| Very large mineral crystals must be at least 1cm | Pegmatitic |
| No mineral crystals due to rapid cooling | Glassy |
| The process which turns sediment into rock | Lithification |
| Formed from broken fragments or minerals and other rocks | Clastic |
| Form by precipitation of of minerals from solution | Chemical |
| Fork from the alteration of preexisting igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic rocks | Metamorphism |
| Refers to the flat parallel arrangement of mineral grains in metamorphic rocks | Foliation |
| The texture of metamorphic rocks that lack parallels, planes or banding. | Nonfoliated |
| Occurs when magma contacts existing, cooler rocks in the crust; a metamorphic halo extends outward from magma | Contact metamorphism |
| Occurs in the areas of mountain building and tectonic activity. Existing rocks are heated and deformed by pressure which increases temperature | Regional metamorphosim |
| the fundamental economic problem where seemingly unlimited human wants exceed the limited available resources | Economic Scarcity |
| an absolute, objective lack of a natural resource where demand exceeds supply, often leading to irreversible depletion. | Physical scarcity |
| is when a body of water, like a lake or pond, gets too many nutrients (like from fertilizer), which causes lots of algae to grow. This can use up oxygen in the water and harm fish and other life. | Eutrophication |
| is the process of cleaning up or fixing a polluted or damaged environment, like soil, water, or air, to make it safe and healthy again. | Remediation |
| is a way to clean up pollution using living things like bacteria or plants. These organisms break down harmful substances in soil or water into less dangerous ones. | Bioremediation |
| is a type of bioremediation that uses plants to clean up polluted soil, water, or air. The plants absorb or break down harmful substances, helping to restore the environment naturally. | Phytoremediation |
| is an instrument that detects and records vibrations caused by earthquakes. It measures the strength and duration of seismic waves traveling through the Earth. | Seismograph |
| is the record or paper printout produced by a seismograph. It shows the waves and vibrations from an earthquake as lines that help scientists study the earthquake’s strength and timing. | Seismogram |
| Is used to determine the distance from the seismograph station to the epicenter of the earthquake | Time travel curve |
| Is the time difference between the first p waved and the second slower S waves | Lag time |
| How to pinpoint the exact location of an earthquake by using lag time from three seismograph stations | Triangulation |
| is a way to measure how strong an earthquake is. It gives a number based on the size of the earthquake’s waves recorded by seismographs. The bigger the number, the stronger the earthquake. | Richter Scale |
| is a simple chart or tool that helps you estimate the magnitude of an earthquake using measurements like the distance from the earthquake and the size of the waves recorded. It’s like a quick reference to find the Richter scale number without doing compl | Richter Nomogram |
| Longitude is the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, measured in degrees. It helps us find exact locations on Earth by showing how far a place is from the zero-degree line. | Longitude |
| is how far a place is north or south from the Equator, which is the middle line around the Earth. It helps us find exact spots on the planet. | Latitude |
| is the main line of longitude at 0 degrees. | Prime Meridian |
| shows the shape and features of the land, like hills, mountains, and valleys, using lines called contour lines. These lines help you see how high or low the land is. | Topographic Map |
| lines on a map that connect points of the same height. They help show how steep or flat the land is by looking at how close or far apart the lines are. | Contour Line |
| is a special kind of contour line that shows a low area or a hole in the land, like a crater or a sinkhole. It usually has small lines or "ticks" pointing inward to show the depression. | Depression Contour |
| is the difference in elevation between two neighboring contour lines on a map. It tells you how much height changes from one line to the next. | Contour Interval |
| helps you read contour lines on a map near rivers or valleys. When contour lines cross a river or valley, they form a V shape that points upstream or uphill. This shows you the direction the water is coming from. | Rule of V’s |
| on a map shows the relationship between a distance on the map and the actual distance on the ground. | Ratio Scale |
| is a way to measure direction using degrees from 0 to 360, starting from north going clockwise. | Azimuth Bearing |
| measures direction by dividing the compass into four quadrants (NE, SE, SW, NW). | Quadrant Bearing |
Created by:
Jessilester