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Stats Quizzes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Descriptive statistics are used for what purpose? | Summarizing, simplifying, and presenting data |
| Given the following data (5, 5, 6, 10, 1, 2, 3, 4, 17), what is the mode? | 5 |
| Suppose we have 10 people with the following IQ scores: 90, 145, 100, 110, 105, 95, 100, 75, 100, and 80. The mean is ____, the median is _____, and the mode is _____. | 100; 100; 100 |
| Which of the following is arguably NOT a type of mean? | Trimean |
| The number that represents the central score, around which the other scores cluster, is the ______. | Central tendency |
| What is this equation: x̄ = (Σ x)/n | Sample mean |
| Given the following data (5, 5, 6, 10, 1, 2, 3, 4, 17), what is the mean? | 5.88 |
| Which measure of central tendency is most easily influenced by a single extreme score? | The mean |
| Given the following data (5, 5, 6, 10, 1, 2, 3, 4, 17), what is the median? | 5 |
| Suppose that my 3 siblings and I are the following heights, in inches: 72, 69, 77, and 66. What is the range? | 11 77-66 |
| Let’s say we have a standard deviation of 24. What is the variance? | 576 Variance= (Standard Deviation)^2 |
| In calculating a sample variance the denominator is _____, which ______; compared to calculating a population variance where the denominator is _____. | n-1; adjusts for underestimation; N |
| The normal distribution is: | Symmetrical, Asymptotic, Unimodal |
| A ________ skew is one where the tail is extending towards HIGHER values. | Positive |
| When calculating the sum of squares, why is it important to exponentiate the differences? | It makes all the differences positive numbers |
| What is the mean and SD of a Z-distribution? | Mean = 0 and SD = 1 |
| A __________ distribution indicates a distribution with heavier tails and a higher peak. | Leptokurtic |
| What is NOT one of the ways we calculate/estimate posterior distributions? | Bayes factor |
| If the P(h1|d) = .90 and P(h0|d) = .1, what are the posterior odds? | 9 |
| In Bayes theorem how likely you are to see this data regardless of whether your hypothesis is true or false, is conceptually what the ____is. | Marginal |
| What is NOT a component of Bayes theorem. | p-value |
| Harvey has been murdered and there are 100 suspects. Detective Renard least suspects Dwight initially. However, after gathering all the evidence Detective Renard eliminates all suspects except Dwight. Using Bayesian reasoning, what is true? | Dwight is probably the killer |
| Conceptually, what is Bayes factor? | Strength of the data in favor of one hypothesis among two competing hypotheses |
| What is NOT an advantage of Bayesian statistics? | It relies on sampling distributions |
| If I had a mean of 4, SD of 8 and sample size of 5 with a standard error of 3.57, would I consider this high? | Yes, very high |
| A concept that exists in frequentist but NOT Bayesian statistics is the ________. | Standard error |
| Calculate a standard error of the mean for a standard deviation of 5 and sample size of 100. | .5 |
| As the sample size increases, what happens to the standard error of the mean? | It decreases |
| Which of the following is true concerning the central limit theorem? | The distribution of sample means begins to approach a normal curve if the sample N is around 30 or more or if the population from which the samples are drawn are normal |
| Where are you likely to see the standard error term in a test statistic? | The denominator |
| The _________will be the same as the _________. | Mean of the sample means; population mean (μ) |
| The standard error of the mean is conceptually about the _____________. | Distribution of sample means |
| Calculate a standard error of the mean for a standard deviation of 1 and sample size of 25. | .2 |
| If I had a study with a sample size of 50, would the central limit theorem hold? | Yes, because N >30 |
| If based on our null hypothesis testing we fail to reject the null, but in reality, the null is false (meaning, there is an effect), what error have we just made. | Type II Error |
| What is a p-value? | The likelihood of getting some result plus more extreme results under the assumption of the null hypothesis |
| Which of these are effect sizes? | Cohen's d |
| If my alpha is set at .05 and my p-value that I calculated is .003, what do I do? | Say that I have evidence inconsistent with the null hypothesis (reject the null) |
| Which of the following statements concerning confidence intervals is false? | A correct interpretation of a confidence interval might be, "based on our 95% CI there is a 95% chance that the interval of 9 to 15, contains the actual parameter" |
| If based on our null hypothesis testing we reject the null, but in reality, the null is true, what error have we just made. | Type I Error |
| Which of these following statements represents a t-value in a one sample t-test? | Sample mean minus the fixed population mean, divided by the standard error |
| The sampling distribution is based on the assumption that the _____ hypothesis is _____. | null; true |
| If I calculated a Cohen's d of .6 on the means of 105 and 115, what would I interpret that to mean? | The mean of 115 is .6 standard errors higher than the mean of 105 |
| What is FALSE concerning the limitations of null hypothesis testing? | There are no limitations to null hypothesis testing |
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