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Conducting Midterm
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Activation | The process of indicating what is happening at the current moment in time |
| Anticipation | The process of preparing what will occur in the future |
| Asymmetrical Meter | A meter in which the beat pattern does not indicate an equal number of beats on either side of the centerline OR a meter which does not have an equal number of subdivisions within each beat |
| Aural Image | The mental representation or image of the ideal sound |
| Caesura Fermata | A fermata in which the sustaining gesture comes to a complete stop using a release gesture and using a pause out of time |
| Centerline | An imaginary vertical line dividing the body or beat pattern into equal parts |
| Click | The start of the preparation gesture in which the wrist moves slightly downward from the ictus plane and then quickly upward |
| Communication Line | The imaginary line drawn between the eyes of the conductor, the tip of the baton, and the players |
| Compound Divided Meter | Meters in which pulses are subdivided into three or more pulses |
| Downbeat | The first pulse given, usually to indicate beat one |
| Emphatic Release | A circular gesture that shows players when to release the sound |
| Evaluation | The process of determining and examining what has happened in the past |
| Flick | A baton movement made by a quick movement of the wrist |
| Focal Plane Pattern | Beat patterns that place all the icti along a horizontal plane in space |
| Focal Point Pattern | Beat patterns that place all the icti at the same point in space |
| Gesture | Any physical motion, especially those made with arms, hands, and baton |
| Hinge | The moving parts of the arm and hand (Joints, i.e. shoulder, elbow, wrist) |
| Ictus (Point) | The physical indication of the beat or pulse |
| Ictus Plane | The horizontal line on which an ictus is made |
| In-Time Fermata | A fermata in which the release gesture moves directly into the preparation of the next entrance |
| Mirror(ing) | The use of both hands and/or arms to show only the beat pattern |
| No-Release Fermata | A fermata in which there is no release gesture; the sustaining gesture moves directly into the preparation gesture |
| Orchestration | The instruments used in a work and their function (melody, bass line, etc.) |
| Pattern Symmetry | Maintaining equal size gestures on both sides of the centerline |
| Preparation | The gesture before the ictus |
| Push-Off | The start of the preparation gesture in which the arm moves slightly downward from the ictus plane and then quickly upward |
| Ready Position | The position of the body, arms, hands, and baton indicating the readiness of the conductor to start |
| Rebound | An upward gesture following an ictus |
| Release Gesture | The movement, including its preparation, intended to show the player(s) when to stop the sound |
| Simple Divided Meter | Meters in which pulses are subdivided into two pulses |
| Stopped Beat | Halting the motion within a beat pattern after an ictus |
| Supermetric Pattern | A beat pattern encompassing more than one pulse |
| Texture | A description of the number of voices or parts sounding at the same time in a work |
| Describe Punch/Thrust | Heavy, Direct, Quick |
| What Laban movement is heavy, direct, and quick? | Punch/Thrust |
| Describe Slash | Heavy, Indirect, Quick |
| What Laban movement is heavy, indirect, and quick? | Slash |
| Describe Dab | Light, Direct, Quick |
| What Laban movement is light, direct, and quick? | Dab |
| Describe Flick | Light, Indirect, Quick |
| What Laban movement is light, indirect, and quick? | Flick |
| Describe Press | Heavy, Direct, Sustained (Slow) |
| What Laban movement is heavy, direct, and sustained (slow)? | Press |
| Describe Wring | Heavy, Indirect, Sustained (Slow) |
| What Laban movement is heavy, indirect, and sustained (slow)? | Wring |
| Describe Glide | Light, Direct, Sustained (Slow) |
| What Laban movement is light, direct, and sustained (slow)? | Glide |
| Describe Float | Light, Indirect, Sustained (Slow) |
| What Laban movement is light, indirect, and sustained (slow)? | Float |
| Three important aspects of a good conductor | 1. Personal musicianship 2. Strong aural image 3. Determined to achieve their aural image |
| Italian term for piccolo | Flauto Piccolo |
| German term for piccolo | Kleine Flöte |
| French term for piccolo | Petite Flûte |
| Italian term for flute | Flauto |
| German term for flute | (Grosse) Flöte |
| French term for flute | Flûte |
| Italian term for oboe | Oboe |
| German term for oboe | Oboe (Hoboe) |
| French term for oboe | Hautbois |
| Italian term for english horn | Corno Inglese |
| German term for english horn | Englisch Horn |
| French term for english horn | Cor Anglais |
| Italian term for bassoon | Fagotto |
| German term for bassoon | Fagott |
| French term for bassoon | Basson |
| Italian term for contrabassoon | Contrafagotto |
| German term for contrabassoon | Kontrafagott |
| French term for contrabassoon | Contre-Basson |
| Italian term for clarinet | Clarinetto |
| German term for clarinet | Klarinette |
| French term for clarinet | Clarinette |
| Italian term for bass clarinet | Clarinetto Basso |
| German term for bass clarinet | Bassklarinette |
| French term for bass clarinet | Clarinette Basse |
| Italian term for saxophone | Sassofone |
| German term for saxophone | Saxophon |
| French term for saxophone | Saxophone |
| Italian term for horn | Corno |
| German term for horn | Horn |
| French term for horn | Cor |
| Italian term for trumpet | Tromba |
| German term for trumpet | Trompete |
| French term for trumpet | Trompette |
| Italian term for cornet | Cornetto |
| German term for cornet | Kornett |
| French term for cornet | Cornet à Piston |
| Italian term for flugelhorn | Flicorno |
| German term for flugelhorn | Bugle |
| French term for flugelhorn | Bugle |
| Italian term for trombone | Trombone |
| German term for trombone | Posaune |
| French term for trombone | Trombone |
| Italian term for euphonium | Bariton Saxhorn |
| German term for euphonium | Baryton |
| French term for euphonium | Basse à Pistons |
| Italian term for tuba | Tuba di Basso |
| German term for tuba | Basstuba |
| French term for tuba | Tuba Basse |
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