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hgapvocabmarch4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The human-made space in which people live, work, and engage in leisure activities on a daily basis. | Built Environment |
| Policies that combat regional sprawl by addressing issues of population density and transportation. | Smart Growth |
| Development that grows up (in the form of taller buildings) rather than out (in the form of urban sprawl). | Compact Design |
| Policy that encourages building quality housing for people and families of all life stages and income levels in a range of prices within a neighborhood. | Diverse Housing Options |
| An approach to city planning that focuses on fostering European-style cities of dense settlements, attractive architecture, and housing of different types and prices within walking distance to shopping, restaurants, jobs, and public transportation. | New Urbanism |
| A zone of grassy, forested, or agricultural land separating urban areas. | Greenbelt |
| The classification of land according to restrictions on its use and development. | Zoning |
| A city that changes its zoning laws to decrease the rate at which the city spreads horizontally, with the goal of avoiding the negative effects of sprawl. | Slow-growth Cities |
| Advocates for poor and working-class residents who are at risk of losing their affordable housing to new development. | Anti-Tenant Displacement Activists |
| Racial segregation that is not supported by law but is still apparent. | De Facto Segregation |
| A loan that is taken out to purchase a home. | Mortgage |
| The practice of identifying high-risk neighborhoods on a city map and refusing to lend money to people who want to buy property in those neighborhoods. | Redlining |
| A practice in which realtors persuade white homeowners in a neighborhood to sell their homes by convincing them that the neighborhood is declining due to black families moving in. | Blockbusting |
| The mass movement of white people from the city to the suburbs. | White Flight |
| The maximum price that a buyer can afford to pay for a house or apartment. | Affordability |
| A federal government program to assist very-low-income families, the elderly, and the disabled with affordable, decent, safe, and sanitary housing. | Housing Choice Voucher Program |
| A category of crime that includes murder, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. | Violent Crime |
| Formal or informal institutions that help to maintain law and order in a place. | Social Controls |
| When certain groups, usually poor or recent immigrants, carry a larger share of environmental risks and hazards than wealthy, long-established groups that have the power to influence decisions about the environment. | Environmental Injustice |
| Occurs when areas inhabited by low-income people of color are targeted for environmental contamination. | Environmental Racism |
| The movement to fix environmental discrimination. | Environmental Justice |
| An area of degraded, seemingly temporary, inadequate, and often illegal housing. | Squatter Settlements |
| The right to own or hold property; it defines the ways in which rights to that property are managed. | Tenure |
| Municipal and county planning ordinances that require a given share of new construction to be affordable for people with low to moderate incomes. | Inclusionary Zone (IZ) |
| Zoning that attempts to keep low- to moderate-income people out of a neighborhood. | Exclusionary Zone (EZ) |
| Abbreviation for “not in my backyard”; term for a person who tries to prevent the construction of affordable housing and other types of development in their neighborhood. | NIMBYs |
| Housing that costs much less than the going rate. | Below Market Rate Housing |
| Large-scale redevelopment of the built environment in downtown and older inner-city neighborhoods. | Urban Renewal |
| Occurs when a government must spend more than it receives in taxes. | Fiscal Imbalance |
| The practice of using local land-use regulation to preserve and possibly enhance the local property tax base. | Fiscal Zoning |
| The total amount of natural resources used and their impact on the natural environment. | Ecological Footprint |
| A mass of warm air in cities, generated by urban building materials and human activities, that sits over a city. | Urban Heat Island |
| The spatial extent of an urban area’s impacts on the natural environment. | Urban Footprint |
| The idea that disasters and disaster risk become urban phenomena as the world’s population becomes increasingly concentrated in large cities. | Urban Risk Divide |
| A property whose use or development may be complicated by the potential presence of hazardous substances or pollutants. | Brownfields |
| The process of removing or sealing off contaminants so that a site may be used again without any health concerns. | Brownfield Remediation |
| The removal of contaminants with plant species that react with or degrade contaminants or draw up contaminants from the soil into shoots and leaves. | Phytoremediation |
| U.S. law that grants municipalities oversight over federally funded development projects on farmland. | Farmland Protection Policy Act (FPPA) |
| Subdivisions or developments that do not abut existing settlements and that remove agricultural land from production. | Scattered Developments |
Created by:
vasundhara.varadarajan