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HBS #8

QuestionAnswer
What is the difference between Pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation, and what side of the heart is responsible for each? Pulmonary circulation is the deoxygenated from the right heart to the lungs for oxygenation and back. Systemic circulation is oxygenated blood from the left heart to the entire body. Pulmonary=right heart; Systemic =left heart.
What is the larynx? Routes food and air into proper channels, plays a role in speech.
What is the epiglottis? Protects the superior opening of the larnyx, routes food to esophagus and air toward trachea, when swallowing the epiglottis rises and forms lid over larynx.
What is the trachea? Tube that connects larynx with bronchi. Expel mucus loaded with dust and debris away from lungs.
What is the primary bronchi? Formed by division of the trachea, bronchi subdivide into smaller branches.
What are the lungs? occupy thoracic cavity, base rests on diaphragm and each lung is divided into lobes. Left lungs - 2 lobes, right lung -3 lungs
What are the bronchioles? The smaller passage in the lungs.
What are the alveoli? Site of gas exchange.
What are the four events of respiration? Pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, respiratory gas transport, and internal respiration.
What is Pulmonary ventilation? Moving air in and out of the lungs (called breathing)
What is external respiration? Gas exchange between Pulmonary blood and alveoli, oxygen is loaded into the blood, and carbon dioxide is unloaded from the blood.
What is respiratory gas transport? Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide via the bloodstream
What is internal respiration? Gas exchange between blood and tissue cells.
What are the functions of the respiratory system? Gas exchange between the blood and external environment.
What is the nasal cavity? It moistens air and traps incoming foreign particles. Has conchar which increase air turbulence in the nasal cavity.
What separates the oral and nasal cavity? The palate (anterior hard palate and posterior soft palate).
What is the pharynx? Passage form nasal cavity to larynx. There are 3 regions; nasopharynx - superior region behind nasal cavity, oropharynx - middle region behind the mouth, and laryngopharynx - inferior region attached to larynx.
What part of the pharynx contains both air and food? Oropharynx and laryngopharynx.
What is the pharyngotympanic tube? They connect the ear to the nasopharynx
What is the purpose of the cough reflex? It protects the lungs and airways from inhaled foreign bodies.
What is the real life significance of knowing the cough reflex does not work when one is unconscious? They cannot cough so they can choke on their vomit and so you need to put them on their side.
What is spirometry? A test that measures how well your lungs are working by measuring how much air you can inhale and exhale.
What is tidal volume? Volume of air breathed in and out without conscious effort.
What is Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)? Additional volume of air that can be inhaled with maximum effort after normal inspiration.
What is Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)? Additional volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after normal exhalation.
What is vital capacity? Total air that can be exhaled after maximum inhalation: VC=TV+IRV+ERV
What is residual volume? Volume of air that remains in the lungs after maximum exhalation.
What is total lung capacity? Total volume of the lungs: TLC =VC+RV
What is happening in a person who has asthma? The lining of the bronchial tubes becomes swollen, the muscles around the airways tighten, and thick mucus increases, narrowing airways.
What are some causes for asthma? Smoke, exercise, mold, and pollen.
Oxygen goes from high to low. :)
What are the three things that happens to the air in the body? It is warmed, filtered, and moistened.
What is in the conducting zone? Includes the nose, pharynx, trachea, bronchi
What is in the respiratory zone? Area where gas exchange happens; includes respiratory bronchioles + alveoli
Created by: 113689
 

 



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