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Geologic Time

QuestionAnswer
What are the five different geologic principles? Uniformitarianism, Original Horizontality, Superposition, Cross-Cutting Relationships, Inclusions
What is uniformitarianism? Present is the key to the past Processes happening now, happened in the past
What is the principle of original horizontality? Rocks are originally deposited in horizontal layers If no longer horizontal something had to happen to make them that way
What is superposition? Given a stack of rocks, the OLDEST rocks are at the BOTTOM and the YOUNGEST at the TOP
What are cross-cutting relationships? Younger material cuts across older materials
What is the principle of inclusions? A rock containing an inclusion must be YOUNGER than the inclusion
What is an inclusion? Fragment of another rock
What are unconformities? Boundary between two units that represents non deposition and/or erosion
What are the three types of unconformities? Angular, nonconformity, disconformity
What is an angular unconformity? Tilted rocks below Represent uplift and erosion
What is a nonconformity? Igneous or metamorphic rock below erosional surface
What is a disconformity? No new deposition, only erosion occurs Sedimentary rocks above and below
What is an index fossil? Creatures that are wide spread but live for only a short span of time
What is the difference between a parent and a daughter isotope? Parents are the original isotope, daughters are the decay product
What is a half-life? How long it takes for half of parent group to decay
If you have 50% of an original isotope, how many half-lives have past? 1
If you have 25% of an original isotope, how many half-lives have past? 2
If you have 12.5% of an original isotope, how many half-lives have past? 3
If you have 6.25% of an original isotope, how many half-lives have past? 4
What equation do you use when trying to find out how old something is using half-lives? Number of half-lives x length of time
Created by: user-1965680
 

 



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