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AP Gov Review

Other Review That Can't Go Into A Specific Category

TermDefinition
Primary Election Where party members choose party candidate.
General Election Between party nominees to choose officeholder.
Open Primary Voters can choose which party's primary to vote in.
Close Primary Only registered party members can vote in that party's primary.
Caucus Local party meeting where voters select delegates.
Incumbency Advantage Electoral upper-hand held by current officeholders.
Midterm Election Held during president's term (every 2 years).
Presidential Election Held every 4 years to choose the president.
Electoral College System where electors choose president. (Not the popular vote). Sometimes candidate can win without winning popular vote.
Electoral Votes Majority of 270 needed to win presidency.
Winner-Take-All System Candidate who wins the popular vote in a state wins all its electoral votes.
Swing State Where either party has a strong chance of winning.
Political Socialization Process by which people develop political beliefs.
Party Identification Long-term loyalty to party.
Retrospective Voting Based on past performance of candidates.
Prospective Voting Based on future policy promises.
Low Voter Turnout Causes Registration barriers, apathy, lack of competitive races.
Political Party Organization that seeks to influence government by electing members to office. Nominate candidates, mobilize voters, organize govt., create platforms.
Two-Party System Political system dominated by 2 major sides. Mostly because of single-member districts and winner-take-all elections.
Third Parties Minor sides that focus on specific issue or act as spoilers.
Polarization Growing ideological divide between parties.
Partisan Sorting Alignment of ideology with party affiliation.
Gridlock Difficult passing legislation due to partisan division.
Divided Government Different parties control different branches.
Interest Groups Private associations of sharing common goals that actively seek to influence public policy, legislation, & govt. officials.
Campaign Finance Fundraising and spending money to influence election outcomes.
Media and Public Opinion Citizens beliefs are measured & communicated to govt. Linkage institutions.
Created by: 230239
 

 



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