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Rad102
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How tight should collimation be in relation to anatomical structures or to the skin's edge? | 0.5 inch |
| What is the term for when a disease is present at birth? | Congenital |
| The vertical plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves describes the _____ plane. | Midsagittal |
| A representation of the patient's anatomic structures that can be obtained, viewed, manipulated and stored digitally is the definition for: | radiographic image |
| The lowest level of structural organization in the human body is the _____ level. | chemical |
| Anatomy is the study, _____________ and description of the structure and organs of the human body. | classification |
| Which body system is made up of the kidneys, ureters and bladder? | Urinary |
| The body habitus that is best described as "average" is | Sthenic |
| A virus, bacteria, trauma, fungus, heat and chemical agents can all cause disease. What is another cause | Poor Nutrition |
| What does PACS stand for | Picture Archiving Communication System |
| When a radiographic procedure involves imaging of a joint, what is the minimum number of projections needed? | 3 |
| The movement of a limb towards the midline of the body is referred to as | Adduction |
| The movement of a limb away from the midline of the body is referred to as | Abduction |
| A projection is a positioning term that describes | The path of the central ray. |
| For a hypersthenic patient, the IR is positioned | Crosswise |
| What view of the chest best visualizes the apices of the lung free from superimposition from the clavicles? | Lordotic |
| What is the type of pleural effusion that results from trauma, causing blood to enter the pleural cavity? | Hemothorax |
| What is the event of a "collapsed lung?" | Pneumothorax |
| Which side should you mark for an RAO projection of the chest? | Right side |
| This inflammatory disease of the chest is primarily visualized in the upper lobes of the lungs. | Pulmonary Tuberculosis |
| This condition should be regarded as a sign of an important underlying condition, not as a disease entity: | Pleural Effusion |
| This procedure helps alleviate and drain fluid within the pleural cavity: | Thoracentesis |
| The removal of a lung is referred to as a | Pneumectomy |
| How big must a tumor be in order to be seen on a general radiograph? | 6 mm |
| Which modality if preferred when monitoring tumor growths over time? | CT |
| How many ribs are considered to be true ribs | 7 |
| What is the recommended degree of obliquity for an RAO projection | 20 degrees |
| Fractures to the first rib(s) are often associated with injuries to the | Arteries |
| Chest trauma that affects at least 2 ribs and is associated to pulmonary injury | Flail Chest |
| Osteomyelitis most often derives from | Bacteria |
| How many posterior ribs should be seen on a rib series ABOVE the diaphragm? | 9 |
| The SC joint is the articulation of these two bones: | Sternum and Clavicle |
| How much should you angle the patient for oblique ribs? | 45 degrees |
| A PA projection of the SC joints should be taken on | Expiration |
| Which aspect of the large intestine is found between the left and right colic flexures | Transverse Colon |
| Why is the right kidney usually lower in the abdomen than the left kidney? | Position of the liver |
| What is the name of the double-walled, saclike membrane that covers the abdominal cavity? | Peritoneum |
| In which of the 4 major quadrants of the abdomen would the cecum be found? | RLQ |
| The prominent anatomical landmark found on the anterior aspect of the ilium is the: | Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) |
| What type of respiration should be employed prior to exposure for the anteroposterior (AP) kidneys, ureter, and bladder (KUB) abdomen projection? | Expiration |
| Where is the CR centered for the AP erect projection of the abdomen? | 2" above iliac crest |
| The most superior anatomical landmark on the abdomen/pelvis is the: | Xiphoid process |
| Which term describes an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity of the abdomen? | Ascites |
| For a KUB, you must include the ________ and the _______. | Diaphragm / symphysis pubis |
| Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is classified as a(n) _____ condition of the GI system. | Congenital |
| This is an abnormal narrowing of the esophagus and is relieved by balloon dilation. | Esophageal Stricture |
| The peritoneum is divided into two categories, the parietal and ___________ | Visceral |
| How many individual body systems comprise the human body? | 10 |
| A plane that divides the body into equal anterior and posterior parts is the _____ plane. | Midcoronal |
| The two most common landmarks for chest positioning are the: | jugular notch and vertebral prominens |
| A well-inspired healthy adult chest PA projection will have a minimum of ____ posterior ribs seen above the diaphragm. | 10 |
| Cystic fibrosis is classified as a(n) _____ disease. | genetic |
| The most common lethal nosocomial infection in the United States is | pneumonia |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be caused by | chronic obtrusive bronchitis and emphysema |
| what structures connects the anterior aspect of the ribs to the sternum? | Costocartilage |
| Why is the RAO sternum preferred to the LAO position? | The RAO projects the sternum over the shadow of the heart. |
| What is the recommended SID for the erect lateral sternum position? | 72 inches |
| A congenital defect characterized by anterior protrusion of the lower sternum and xiphoid process is termed: | pectus carinatum |
| Examples of “flat” bones are the: | calvaria, ribs, scapulae, and sternum |
| A syndrome is best defined as: | signs and symptoms that characterize a specific abnormal disturbance. |
| How many carpal bones are found in the wrist? | 8 |
| A general positioning rule is to place the long axis of the anatomical part ____ to the long axis of the image receptor. | Parallel |
| Why is it important to keep the phalanges parallel to the IR for a PA oblique projection of the hand? | Prevents foreshortening of phalanges and obscuring of interphalangeal joints |
| Which region of the upper limb would be most appropriate to xray when someone has a smith fracture | Wrist |
| Where is the central ray (CR) placed for a PA projection of the third digit? | At the proximal interphalangeal joint |
| A “skier’s thumb” is an injury of the: | Ulnar Collateral Ligament |
| The bending or forcing of the hand outwardly away from the body with the hand pronated in a posteroanterior (PA) projection is known as: | Ulnar Deviation |
| Which of the following actions will lead to the proximal radius crossing over the ulna? | Pronation of the hand and forearm |
| Which Trauma level of hospital is prominent in rural areas and allows 20-30 minute call-in time frames for needed staff? | 3 |
| What is the reason for performing the AP partially flexed projections of the elbow? | To provide an AP perspective if the patient cannot fully extend the elbow |
| Within 2-3 days after a fracture, ______________ start to appear around the injury to begin repair. | Osteoblasts |
| This happens when a bone is out of it's joint and not in contact with it's normal articulation. | Dislocation |
| What does the acronym "ORIF" stand for? | Open Reduction Internal Fixation |
| Which is the only digit that we perform an AP view of instead of PA? | 1st digit |
| Osteoporosis is a reduction in the _____________ of bone. | quantity |
| For trauma, it is essential to have at least ___ projections of the area of interest, preferably taken at ____ degrees from each other. | 2 / 90 |
| Which rotation of the humerus will result in a lateral position of the proximal humerus? | Internal rotation |
| Which of the following shoulder projections best demonstrates the glenoid cavity in profile? | Grashey method |
| A radiograph of an AP clavicle reveals that the sternal end of the clavicle is partially collimated off. What should the technologist do? | Repeat the AP projection and correct collimation. |
| Which of the following AP shoulder projections demonstrates the lesser tubercle in profile medially? | Internal rotation |
| A radiograph of an AP projection of the clavicle demonstrates that the clavicle is within the mid aspect of the lung apices. What should the technologist do to correct this error? | Do nothing; this is an acceptable AP clavicle projection. |
| What is the common term for idiopathic chronic adhesive capsulitis? | frozen shoulder |
| How should the central ray be angled for a Scapular Y view? | Perpendicular to IR |
| In an AP shoulder projection with external rotation of the humerus, the greater tubercle will be seen...? | in lateral profile |
| What is the beak-like structure that is on the anterior scapula? | Coracoid process |
| The clavicle articulates with the _________ and ____________. | Sternum and Acromion |
| This not-routine projection of the shoulder would visualize bony spurs of the humeral tubercles. | Tangential Projection |
| What other ligament can be affected by AC Joint Separation besides the AC? | Coracoclavicular |
| The medial malleolus is part of the: | tibia |
| What type of rotation from an AP position of the ankle will typically produce a mortise projection? | 15- to 20-degree medial |
| Which projection of the knee will best demonstrate the neck of the fibula without superimposition of the tibia? | AP oblique with medial rotation |
| The purpose of the AP stress views of the ankle is to demonstrate: | possible joint separations or ligament tears |
| An optimal lateral knee projection demonstrates | superimposed femoral condyles |
| To ensure both joints are included on an AP projection of the tibia and fibula on an adult, the technologist can: | turn the image receptor diagonally to the lower leg |
| Which aspect of the foot is placed parallel with the IR for a routine lateral foot projection? | lateral |
| This specific pathology of the feet is best demonstrated using weight-bearing. | Lisfranc Joint Injury |
| How do osteoclastomas appear on general x-ray? | bubble effect |
| Sesamoid bones are found on the plantar surface of the _____ digit. | 1st |
| When a patient has gout, an excessive amount of ___________ appears in the blood. | uric acid |
| "Runner's knee" is formally known as | Chondromalacia patellae |
| What cavity will be open and visualized on an oblique view of the foot? | Sinus Tarsi |
| The axial view of the calcaneus requires you to angle the x-ray tube __________ (to) the calcaneus. | towards |
| Why would a provider want weight-bearing knee x-rays? | To see possible cartilage degeneration that is only seen when bearing weight |
| What 3 bones make up the ankle joint? | Talus, Tibia and Fibula |
Created by:
McKenna0410