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Vocabulary 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WATER CYCLE | The continuous process by which water moves from Earth's surface (oceans, lakes) to the atmosphere and back through various states, driven by the sun and gravity. |
| EVAPORTAION | The transformation of liquid water from oceans, lakes, and rivers into gaseous water vapor, primarily driven by heat from the sun. |
| TRANSPIRATION | The release of water vapor from the leaves of plants and trees into the atmosphere |
| SUBLIMATION | The process where ice and snow (solid) turn directly into water vapor (gas) without passing through the liquid phase, often occurring on mountain peaks. |
| CONDENSATION | The process where water vapor cools in the atmosphere and converts back into liquid water droplets, forming clouds, fog, or dew. |
| PRECIPITATION | Water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface in liquid or solid form, including rain, snow, sleet, and hail. |
| WEATHER | The state of the atmosphere (temperature, moisture, pressure, wind) at a specific time and place. |
| HUMIDITY | A measure of the amount of water vapor in the air. |
| RELATIVE HUMIDITY | The amount of water vapor in the air expressed as a percentage of the maximum amount the air could hold at that same temperature. |
| DREW POINT | The temperature to which air must be cooled to become saturated (100% relative humidity) without changing pressure; it indicates the actual moisture content. |
| AIR PRESSURE | The force per unit area exerted by the weight of the atmosphere above a point, typically measured in millibars or inches of mercury. |
| WIND | The horizontal movement of air, defined by its speed (rate of motion) and direction. |
| VISIBILITY | The horizontal movement of air, defined by its speed (rate of motion) and direction. |
| AIR MASS | A large body of air (hundreds or thousands of miles across) characterized by similar temperature and moisture content, developing over a uniform source region. |
| FRONT | The boundary or transition zone between two air masses of different densities (typically caused by temperature or humidity differences). Types include cold, warm, and stationary fronts |
| JET STREAM | The boundary or transition zone between two air masses of different densities (typically caused by temperature or humidity differences). Types include cold, warm, and stationary fronts |
| THUNDER | the towering cumulus cloud has continued to grow in height and width and now lightning is occurring. The storm may extend 5 to 10 miles high into the atmosphere and 5 to 25 miles across. Heavy rain and gusty winds often accompany the storms. |
| HURRICANE | A hurricane is a intense tropical cyclone—a rotating, organized system of clouds and thunderstorms—that forms over warm subtropical or tropical waters with maximum sustained surface winds of at least 74 mph |
| STORM SURGE | Storm surge is an abnormal rise in seawater level generated by a storm (usually tropical cyclones/hurricanes) that pushes water onto shore above the predicted astronomical tide. |
| TORNADO | A tornado is a violently rotating column of air, typically attached to the base of a thunderstorm and in contact with the ground. Characterized by high-speed winds |
| SINK HOLE | sinkhole is a depression or hole in the ground caused by the collapse of the surface layer or the gradual subsidence of the ground, often occurring where limestone or other soluble rock lies beneath the soil. |
| WILDFIRE | sinkhole is a depression or hole in the ground caused by the collapse of the surface layer or the gradual subsidence of the ground, often occurring where limestone or other soluble rock lies beneath the soil. |
| MUCKFIRE | is a specific type of, often long-lasting, ground fire that occurs in wetlands or areas with thick, organic soil |
| CLIMATE | The long-term, average weather patterns of a specific region, usually calculated over a 30-year period. While weather describes short-term atmospheric conditions (daily), climate refers to the expected, typical conditions—including average temperatures, p |
| LATITUDE | : The angular distance of a place north or south of the Earth's Equator, measured in degrees. Latitude determines the intensity of solar radiation an area receives, with lower latitudes (near the equator) being generally warmer and higher latitudes (near |
| TOPOGRAPHY | The study and description of the surface features of a place or region, including its natural terrain (mountains, valleys, plains) and artificial features. It dictates local climate variations, such as creating rain shadows, where mountains block rain fro |
| ELEVATION | The height of a geographical location above a fixed reference point, typically sea level. As elevation increases, the air temperature generally decreases, causing mountainous areas to have colder climates than surrounding lowlands. |
| SURFACE CURRENTS | Stream-like movements of ocean water occurring in the upper 100 to 200 meters of the ocean, driven primarily by wind, the Coriolis effect, and continental shapes. They act as a conveyor belt that transfers heat from the equator toward the poles, strongly |
Created by:
Walter Daniels