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History 3/5/26
Unit 6 Imperialism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the largest and most successful peasant rebellion in history? | Taipang Rebellion (not 100% sure) |
| What were some of the effects of the Crimean War on Russia and the Ottoman Empire? | They weren't able to effectively reform their societies |
| What sparked the Rebellion of 1857? | the seopys wouldn't fire the gun because they believed the cartilage was greased in animal fat from sacred animals like cow and pig |
| What secret society attacked European missionaries and Chinese Christians under Empress Ci Xi? | Society of Righteous and Harmoial Fists (Boxers) |
| What gave Europeans access to interior areas of Africa that had formerly been "off - limits"? | Quinine (treatment for malaria) |
| Who organized the Berlin Conference of 1884 to divide Africa into European spheres of influence? | Bismark |
| By 1870, French and Dutch settlers had lived in South Africa for generations. What were they called? | Boers |
| quinine | treatment for malaria |
| extraterritoriality | exemption from local laws in the treaty ports |
| Matthew Perry | American commodore who opened trade with Jamapn in 1893 |
| Tsar Alexander II | Emancipated surfs in Russia in 1861 |
| Empress Ci Xi | secretly supported Boxers, powerful regent |
| zaibatsu | large industrial conglomerates that worked closely with the government (wealthy japanese companies) |
| militarism | a policy of continuous military development and readiness for war |
| subjugation | conquest |
| imperialism | a practice in which a country increases its power by gaining control over other areas of the world |
| spheres of influence | areas in which colonial powers recognized one another's claims to dominance (Berlin Conference) |
| guerrilla warfare | small-scale surprise attacks |
| concentration camps | boer civilians were sent here to be confined under armed guard |
| genocide | an attempt to destroy an entire people and their culture (they attempted to destroy the Herero) |
| magnate | wealthy and powerful business person |
| boers | French and Dutch settlers who had lived in South Africa for generations, farmers |
| Pan-Africanism | stressed the need for solidarity to overcome the inequalities in treatment of black people everywhere |
| Indian National Congress | wealthy, western-educated Italians formed this to organize for self-rule under the British Empire |
| sepoy | Indian soldier under British command |
| Opium War | Lin Zexu/Zezu told Queen Victoria anyone caught importing opium would be put to death, then the war began. Britain demanded to be compensated for the destroyed opium, but China refused. After the war, China faced many internal stresses |
| Boxer Rebellion | Boxers attacked European missionaries, goal was to drive out "foreign devils", Russia, Britain, the US, Austria-Hungary, Italy, and Japan defeated the Boxers |
| Lin Zexu | a Chinese government official who wrote to Queen Victoria telling her any foreigners caught importing opium would be put to death |
| civil disobedience | refusal to follow unjust laws |
| ahimsa | absolute nonviolence |
| satyagraha | "soul force" |
| Dalit | lowest in the Hindu caste hierarchy |
| Jawaharlal Nehru | Part of a new generation of Congress leaders that emerged in India, he was British-educated. He won the election as the party's president in 1929. |
| What inspired Gandhi's philosophy? | Ahimsa. He wanted to refuse to follow unjust laws in a peaceful way with no violence. |
| Contrary to Nehru and Gandhi, what did the Muslim League desire? | They feared that under Indian self-rule they would be oppressed by the Hindu majority. The Muslim League wanted to create a separate Muslim state called Pakistan. |
| What provoked the movement for Hind Swaraj, or Indian self-rule? | The Amristar Massacre |
| equatorial | located near the equator |
| Muslim League | did not want to embrace people of all faiths, feared that under Indian self-rule they would be oppressed by the Hindu majority. Muslim League leaders began to call for the creation of a separate Muslim state called Pakistan |
| Emperor Mutisuhito | The Meji Restoration brought the Meiji Emporer, Mutisuhito, to power. Dismantled the fuedal system and declared all class societies equal |
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