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A&P quiz 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The circulatory system consists of three main parts: 1. 2. 3. | 1. Heart 2. Blood vessels 3. Blood |
| Fundamental purpose of the circulatory system | Transport substances from one place to another within the body |
| Functions of the Circulatory System | transport nutrients, waste, and hormones protects for clotting, inflammation Regulates fluid and thermoregulation |
| General Properties of Blood Average Temperature? Adults have __ to __ L of blood _____ & metallic pH is _.35-_.45 Which tissue type? | 100.4°F 4 to 6 Salty 7 Fluid connective tissue |
| Hematocrit (Hct) is the percentage of ___ blood cells in a person’s blood | Red |
| ___% of blood is extracellular matrix – Plasma ___% of blood is cells & cell fragments -- Formed Elements | 45% 35% |
| 3 Plasma Proteins | Albumin, Globulins, and Fibrogen |
| % of Plasma Proteins (Albumin, Globulins, and Fibrogen) | Albumin- 60% Globulins- 36% Fibrogen- 4% |
| Viscosity—the _______ of blood to flow/movement; its stickiness or thickness | the RESISTANCE of blood to flow/movement |
| Which components in blood contribute the most to viscosity? _____ ______ cells | Red blood cells |
| Osmolarity—total concentration of _____ particles in the blood; influences fluid movement into and out of the capillaries | total concentration of SOLUTE particles in the blood |
| Which components in blood contribute the most to osmolarity? S______ | Sodium |
| All formed elements arise from stem cells called _____topoietic stem cells in the ____ bone marrow | hemotopoietic; red |
| Which blood cells are Erythrocytes and Leukocytes? | Eryth- red blood cells Leu- white blood cells |
| How many RBCs are found in one microliter of human blood? | 4-6 million |
| Average lifespan of a RBC is approximately ________ days | 120 days |
| Blood Types __, __, ____, and __ form the “ABO” Blood Group | A, B, AB, and O |
| If you have the D antigen on your RBCs, then you are blood type Rh ______ If you do not have the D antigen on your RBCs, then you are blood type Rh _______ | positive negative |
| Agglutination is the clumping of ____'s | Red Blood Cells (RBC's) |
| Transfusion Reaction occurs when mismatched (incompatible) blood is transfused | -The patient’s antibodies react to the DONOR'S unfamiliar antigens -The donated red blood cells agglutinate in the patient’s bloodstream -May cause sickness or death |
| REVIEW WHICH BLOOD TYPES CAN/CANNOT DONATE TO | |
| Universal donor is type ___________ Universal recipient is type __________ | O- AB+ |
| Leukocytes are: _____ than RBCs Nucleus is _______ O______ are present | Larger Present Organelles |
| We produce about ___ ________ leukocytes per day | 10 billion |
| Production of platelets (thrombocytes) is called ______poiesis | Thrombopoiesis |
| Hemostasis: The Control (______) of Bleeding | cessation |
| Main Substances Required for Blood Clotting | Platelets, Vitamin K, Calcium ions, Fibrinogen, Thrombin |
| Fibrinolysis: The breakdown (_______) of a blood clot | dissolution |
| Composition of plasma | 90-92% water, 7-8% proteins (albumin, globulins, fibrinogen), and 1-2% dissolved nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, and gases |
| Fibrinolysis process of breaking down _______ clots to maintain vascular patency after healing, primarily driven by the enzyme _______ | fibrin, plasmin |
Created by:
Ostout