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STA CHAPTER 3

QuestionAnswer
Parameter (p) A number that describes the population Data collected from the entire population -Usually unknowns!!
Statistic (p hat) A number that describes a sample Data collected from a sample of the entire population -Used to estimate the paramter
In planning a sample survey, first aim for ______ by using random sampling and avoiding bad sampling methods such as voluntary response. Next, choose a large enough random sample to reduce ______ of the results. BIAS VARIABILITY
Using a large random sample guarantees that almost all samples will give accurate results
Why is variability bad? Because it reduces the PRECISION of estimates, lowers statistical POWER (high variation= difficult to detect genuine differences between groups) and makes predictions less RELIABLE
Variability describes how the values of the sample statistic will vary when we take many samples
Bias Over- or under- estimates the population paramater
Margin of error If we took many samples using the same method we used to get this one sample, 95% of the samples would give a result within plus or minus x% points of the truth about the population
How we state margin of error "We are 95% confident that the truth lies within the margin of error"
How to find margin of error 1/ the square root of the sample size
A confidence statement has two parts 1. Margin of error 2. Level of confidence
How to state a confidence interval "We are 95% confident that between x% and x% of likely voters in x place would vote for x person
Taking a larger sample can never fix biased sampling methods Like if you take in 10,000 convenient samples over only 100, it won't make a difference
Created by: liladdoyle
 

 



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