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Rome
vocab, map, timeline, notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the 3 seas | Ionian Sea, Adriatic sea Tyrrhenian sea |
| Name the volcano | Mount Vesuvius |
| Name the mountains | the alps, appeiniss |
| A roman meeting place | Foram |
| the noble in in Roman society | patricians |
| to reject or prohibit actions and laws of other government officals | veto |
| The language of the romans | Latin |
| A system based on a written code of laws. | civil law |
| Republic created | 500BC |
| Punic wars | 264-164BC |
| A structure that spans a space and supports a structure and weight above it | Arch |
| A human made raised channel that carries water from distant places | Aqueduct |
| Roman peace a general time peace and prosperity | Pax Romana |
| A Land with different territories and people under single rule | Empire |
| A ruler who has | Dictatorship |
| Roman empire collasped | 500A.D |
| Julius Caesar assassinated | 44BC |
| Pompeii Destroyed | 79AD |
| Roman empire peak | 117AD |
| End of Roman Republic | 45BC |
| Christianity given recognition | 313AD |
| text book | secondary |
| biography | secondary |
| letter | primary |
| book about Egypt | secondary |
| Audio recording | primary |
| pottery from china | primary |
| photo graph | primary |
| Diary | primary |
| Movie | primary |
| 5 themes of geography | Movement Human environment interaction place region location |
| what is the Island under Greek rule | sicily |
| what city-state is closest to the Tiber river | Rome |
| what is the mountain the runs across the italian penninsula | Apennines mountains |
| Name the 2 rivers | Tiber and po river |
| Where is rome | Italy,Europe |
| who were below the freedmen | No freedom, considered property of the land owners, lowest class |
| what did the freedom do | Were once slaves, now free they had major restrictions on legal rights |
| what 2 large islands are considered modern day Italy | sicily, sardinia |
| who is rome named after | Romulus |
| Rome is the capital of what | Italy |
| besides father,mother,and children who was considered part of the family | slaves |
| what were 2 things children were taught | loyalty and to the republic |
| how long did the soldiers stay in the army | 25 years |
| what is a pilum | a short stabbing spear |
| what are apueducts used for | to carry water |
| what did romans use to make their buildings bigger and wider | arches in buildings |
| what three events happened in the coliseum | 100 days of games 10,000 people were killed fighters were slaves |
| what is the common saying | all roads lead to rome |
| how many layers above leveled ground were laid construction of Roman roads | 4 |
| how long did senators hold office | for life |
| who did the Tribunes represent | the common people |
| who fought in the Punic wars | Carthage and Rome |
| who won the war | Rome |
| How did Julius Caesar die | he was assassinated |
| what did Octavian change his name to | Augustus Caesar |
| what three groups invaded Rome | Jude's angles sarons |
| which island in the Mediterranean sea was hristan by 300ad | crete |
| what three continents had Christian areas by 400AD | Gaul Spain Egypt |
| what language did the romans speak | Latin |
| what three languages developed from Latin | French Spanish portuguese |
| what is the Roman numeral for 10 50 and 100 | X L C |
| what does VII+V equal | 12 |
| What town did mount Vesuvius bury | pompeii |
| what did the hot ash leave behind | formed victims |
| what did the men do | Ruled the families. Oldest man owned all family property. In theory, absolute, unlimited power over family. |
| Men. | Could sell his own children or kill them! In practice, limited by custom. |
| what could women do | More freedom than Greeks. Own personal property. Active social life - parties, theater, religious rituals. |
| Women: | *Could not vote, attend assemblies, or hold office. ***Most important role? Have children and raise them to follow traditions. |
| the wealthy | Earned $ from agriculture. Owned large farms or businesses. Grew rich from what people (slaves) produced. Men looked after business while women supervised slaves at home and children. |
| Common People | Most lived in cramped apartments without running water. Poorly built homes, disease, crime, fire dangers. Worked a variety of jobs: tenant farms, laborers, ran stores, taverns, and restaurants. |
| Slavery | Bought and captured. -often treated cruelly 40% in 1 BC may have been slaves No rights. Some were in harsh conditions. |
| slavery | Others worked for wealthy masters. Some educated. Some fought back - Spartacus led an army of rebel slaves in the 70s BC. -Romans caught them. |
| Senators: | Had great political power. Wealthiest nobles. |
| Nobles and Patricians: | Officials and advisors Landowners Rome’s ruling class. |
| Plebeians “Plebs” | Majority of the Roman class. Less wealthy craftspeople, merchants, and landowners. |
| Freedmen | Were once slaves, now free. Major restrictions on legal rights. |
| Slaves | Lowest Class No freedom Considered property of the land owners. |
| punic wars | Legion=groups of up to 6,000 soldiers. |
| Punic wars | Legion=groups of up to 6,000 soldiers. |
| Punic war info | There were 3 wars fought between Rome and Carthage. |
| Punic war info | Carthage is a city in northern Africa. |
| Punic war info | 3 wars fought over Sicily. |
| Punic war info | Rome= STRONG ARMY |
| Punic war info | CARTHAGE= STRONG NAVY |
| 1st Punic war | Carthage sent armies to Sicily, so Rome sent their army in response. Lasted 23 years. Rome won! Took control of Sicily. |
| 2nd Punic war | Led by a Carthaginian genral named Hannibal. |
| 2nd Punic war | Hannibal invaded Italy from the north with soldiers, horses, & elephants. (218 BC) |
| 2nd Punic war | Hannibal defeated all Roman troops, but could not win the war. |
| 2nd Punic war | 204 BC - Had to return to Carthage because Rome was attacking. ROME WON! |
| 2nd Punic war | 204 BC - Had to return to Carthage because Rome was attacking. ROME WON! |
| Hannibal | Considered to be one of the greatest generals of the Ancient World. Greatly disliked Rome. Roman prisoner. |
| Hannibal | AFTER Punic Wars, fled to Asia and joined a king fighting the Romans there. Hannibal ended up taking his life so that he wouldn’t become a Roman prisoner. |
| 3rd Punic war | Rome sent an army to Africa to destroy Carthage. Rome won easily. |
| 3rd Punic war | Rome burned the city, killed most of its people, and sold the rest of the people into slavery. |
| result of the Punic wars | Rome took control of Northern Africa & the majority of countries along the Mediterranean Sea. Rome won |
| 1.ROME’S CONSTITUTION | A SYSTEM OF RULES BY WHICH A GOVERNMENT IS ORGANIZED. UNLIKE U.S. CONSTITUTION IT WAS UNWRITTEN. BASED ON TRADITION AND CUSTOM. |
| 2.ROME’S CONSTITUTION | POWER WAS SHARED AMONG DIFFERENT PEOPLE WITH SET ROLES. ROMANS DIDN’T WANT TO RULED BY ONE MAN. |
| 2.ROME’S CONSTITUTION | TO MAKE SURE NO ONE PERSON BECAME TOO POWERFUL. SPLIT THE OFFICE BY ELECTING 2 OR MORE MEN. EACH COULD VETO THE OTHER! ALSO LIMITED THE POWER BY IN OFFICE TO 1 YEAR. |
| 3.CHECKS AND BALANCES | POWER DIVIDED AMONG 3 BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT. ASSEMBLIES, THE SENATE, AND MAGISTRATES / CONSULS. |
| 3.CHECKS AND BALANCES | A GOVERNMENT IN THREE PARTS IS CALLED A TRIPARTITE. ONE BRANCH COULD STOP AND CHECK ANOTHER FROM MISUSING ITS POWER. |
| 4.RULE OF LAW | THE LAW APPLIED TO EVERYONE. ELECTED OFFICIALS COULD BE TRIED FOR VIOLATING THE LAW AFTER THEIR TERM WAS OVER. |
| CONSULS & MAGISTRATES | GOVERNED THE CITY. ELECTED 1 YEAR. (CONSUL) LOOKED AFTER $ OF ROME. WERE ALSO JUDGES. (MAGISTRATES) |
| SENATE | MAGISTRATES RETIRED TO THE SENATE. ADVISED THE CONSULS. ENDED UP CONTROLLING ROME! |
| assemblys | Democratic, wealthy citizens, votes counted more than the poor |
| assemblys | Elected officials and passed laws, power checked by senate and elected officials |
| judge's | judged cases, managed the city of Rome |
| judge's | led many armies into war, could be elected consul |
| tribunes | plebeians could run for this, acted as protectors |
| tribunes | right to veto any law or action of any magistrate, it is forbidden to harm or stop any tribunes from doing there jobs |
| What group of invaders dominated Italy? | BCA |
| internal threats | food shortage |
| internal threats | Disease |
| internal threats | increase of tax |
| internal threats | empire was to large |
| internal threats | Germans came and raided abandon farms of rome |
| external threats | Germans attacked the northern border of rome |
| external threats | persians armies invaded the east |
| How did life change for Jews in Judea after 63 BC? | They lived under Roman Rule. |
| How did life change for Jews in Judea after 63 BC? | -A large number of Jews opposed Roman Rule. |
| Summarize what were the zealots’ views about Roman rule? | They opposed Romans and believed Jews should resist it by refusing to pay taxes and through armed rebellion. |
| What did the Pharisees believe? | They believed that good people would be resurrected after the Messiah came. They believed in observing Jewish Law. |
| what is Jesus religion | judaism |
| Identify evidence historians have of Jesus’ life? | The writings of the Christians Gospels tell the story of Jesus’ life. |
| Why did the followers begin to think Jesus was the Messiah? | He spoke out for the poor and the outcast. |
| Why did the followers begin to think Jesus was the Messiah? | They believed he could heal the sick. |
| Analyze the fish on page. Why might this make an important symbol in early Christianity? | Jesus’ ability to feed a large crowd with a few fish suggested he had power to change people’s everyday life. |
| Compare/contrast- What was a big way Judaism and early Christianity differed? | Non-Jews who became Christian did not follow all Jewish traditions or laws |
| Why did the Roman government tolerate Judaism but not Christianity? | Romans respected Judaism as an old religion, so they allowed its traditions. |
| How did Constantine’s dream change Roman history? | Constantine’s dream led him to end the persecution of Christians. |
| Main ideas | ROMANS generally practiced tolerance but they cam into conflict with the jews |
| main ideas | A new religion, Christianity, grew out of Judaism. |
| main ideas | esus of Nazareth, who preached about salvation, love for God, and kindness was seen as the Messiah by many. |
| main ideas | Christianity grew in popularity and eventually became the sole religion allowed in the Roman empire. |
| christianity | Religion based on the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth |
| Jesus of Nazareth | Founder of Christianity |
| messiah | Leader Jews believed would return and restore the greatness of Israel |
| Bible | the holy book of christianity |
| crucifixion | A type of execution that involved being nailed to a cross |
| resurrection | Christian belief that Jesus rose from the dead three days after his death |
| Disciples | followers |
| apostles | The 12 disciples whom Jesus chose to receive special teaching |
| Paul of tarsus | Disciple whose letters defined Christianity as separate from Judaism |
| Martyrs | People who die for their religious beliefs |
| persecution | Punishing people for their beliefs |
| constantine | Roman emperor who became a Christian |
| Christianity emerges | Christianity was rooted in the ideas and traditions of Judaism, but it developed as a separate faith. |
| christianity | WORLD’S LARGEST RELIGION. Today there are about 2.5 billion Christians in the world. About ¼ of th |
| christianity | Monotheistic Religion “Christians” are followers of the Christian faith. |
| Constantine | Built the new capital Constantinople. Made Constantinople rich! |
| Constantine | Bosporus Strait |
| Constantine | 330 AD |
| Constantine | Different from Byzantines, thought of themselves as Romans. Unlike most Romans, most people were Christians and spoke Greek not Latin. |
| Justinian | Byzantine emperor |
| Justinian | Byzantine Empire |
| Justinian | 527-565 AD Ruled for nearly 40 years |
| Justinian | Wanted to recover parts of Rome Rebuilt Hagia Sophia Justinian’s Code - guarantees fair treatment of all |
| Theodora | Byzantine emperor’s wife Was an actress before marrying Justinian A partner in rule |
| Theodora | Byzantine Empire |
| Theodora | 527-565 AD Ruled for nearly 40 years with her husband |
| Theodora | same as husband) Encouraged husband to stay and fight Helped women and children To end government corruption |
| Other Invaders | However Byzantine emperors kept control of the core of their empire, modern day Greece and western Turkey and Constantinople. |
| Other Invaders | Byzantine Empire Germans took lands to the west. Slavic people invaded the north. Arab Muslim invaders conquered Syria, Egypt, and North Africa Turks seized modern day Turkey and other areas. |
| Other Invaders | Over the next 800 years |
| Other Invaders | Empire slowly shrank, it declined and fell. |
| Other Invaders | Empire slowly shrank, it declined and fell. |
| Other Invaders | Empire slowly shrank, it declined and fell. |
| Other Invaders | Empire slowly shrank, it declined and fell. |
| Other Invaders | Other Invaders |
| Other Invaders | Other Invaders |
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