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Rome
Vocab, Map, Timeline, Notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the 3 seas. | Ionian Sea, Adriotic Sea, Tyrennian Sea |
| What is the name of the volcano? | Mt. Vesuvius |
| City state | Rome |
| Name the 2 rivers. | Tiber River and Po |
| What is a forum? | Roman public meeting |
| How long did soldiers stay in the army? | 25 years |
| Who is Rome named after? | Romulus |
| How many layers did the roads have? | 5 layers |
| Where is Rome? | Italy, in Europe |
| How long did Senates hold office? | For life |
| What is a dictatorship? | A ruler who has almost absolute power |
| What is an empire? | Land with different territories and people under a single rule |
| What is an emporer? | Name of the Roman ruler during the imperial age |
| What are Patricians? | The nobles in Roman society |
| What are Plebeians? | The common people of Ancient Rome |
| What are consuls? | The two most powerful people in Rome |
| What is the Senate? | Roman officials who were appointed by the consuls |
| What does Veto mean? | To reject or prohibit actions and laws of other government officals |
| What are the Checks + Balences | A system that balences the distribution of power in a government |
| What is Latin? | The language of the Romans |
| What is a Arch? | A structure that spans a space and supports structure and weight above it |
| What are aqueducts? | Human-made raised channel that carries water from distant places |
| What is the Civil Law? | A legal system based on a written code of laws |
| What is the Pax Romana? | Roman time of general peace and prosperity in the Roman Empire. |
| What mountain range runs down the middle of Italy? | Appennies Mountains |
| What two large islands are considered a part of modern day Italy? | Sardania, Sicily |
| Besides mother, father and children who was considered part of the family? | Servants and Slaves |
| What are 2 things that children were taught? | To be loyal and have moral values, |
| What is a pilum? | A throwing spear |
| What were aqueducts used for? | To supply towns |
| What did Romans use to make their buildings bigger and wider? | Arches |
| List three types of events that happened at the Coliseum | Gladitoral battles, Animals were slaughtered, Mocking Naval battles |
| All what leads to Rome? | All roads lead to Rome |
| Whom did the Tribunes represent? | Common people |
| Who fought against one another in the Punic Wars? | Rome and Carthay |
| Who was the victor at the end of the wars? | Rome won |
| How did Julius Caesar die? | He was assassinated |
| To what did Octavian change his name? | Augustus Caesar |
| What three groups invaded Roman controlled Britan? | Jutes, Augles, and Saxons |
| What part of the Roman Empire did the Vandals invade? | Africa, Rome, Sicily |
| Which island in the Meditteranean Sea was completely Christian by 300 AD? | Crete |
| Which three continents had Christian areas by 400 AD? | Europe, Asia, Africa |
| What language did the Romans use for governments and business? | Latin |
| List three languages which developed from Latin. | French, Spanish, Portugese |
| What is the Roman Numeral for 10? | X |
| What is the Roman Numeral for 50? | L |
| What is the Roman Numeral for 100? | C |
| What does VII + V equal? | 12 |
| What town did Mount Vesvius in 79 AD? | Pompeii |
| What did the hot ash leave behind once it cooled? | Mud and Rocks |
| What river did Rome form around? | Tiber River |
| What was north of the Alps? | Gaul |
| What river was near the Alps? | Po River |
| What was to the right of Italy? | Byzantine Empire |
| What Sea is between Italy and Byzantine Empire? | Adriotic Sea |
| What Sea is South-East of Italy? | Ionian Sea |
| What Sea is south-west of Italy? | Tyrrhenian Sea |
| Where did the Greeks settle? | Southern Italy |
| Rome was mostly what? | Mostly mountains and flat plains |
| What was good for farming? | Flat plains and Tiber River |
| Why did Romulus and Remus fight? | They both wanted the name of Rome |
| When did people start settling in Rome? | 800 B.C. |
| What did the city's hills give? | A natural defense from invaders |
| What benefit being by the Tiber River bring? | Access to nearby port |
| Small boats could go where? From what onto what? | Out to Sea, from the city to the Tiber River |
| What benefit did the river being to fast/dangerous? | Large ships couldn't enter or attack Rome |
| What type of government did Rome first have? | A monarchy |
| Kings ruled as head of what? | Head of army, chief priest, supreme judge. |
| Where were the first buildings made? | In the forum |
| Who advised the king on important matters? | Senate, group formed by Aristocrats |
| Rome was led into what? | Wars against nearby small villages |
| What happened to the government in 509 B.C? | A republic was formed |
| Which king did the people overthrow in 509 B.C? | King Tarquin |
| What is a republic? | People have power and right to vote and elect officals |
| Only who could participate in voting? | Free adult males |
| As Rome grew, who did they connect with? | Other Italian people |
| What did Rome take from other Italian people? | They borrowed cultures |
| When did the Greeks settle? | 700 B.C. |
| What did the Greeks teach the Romans? | They taught them Greek culture |
| What Greek thing did the Romans identify with? | Greek mythology gods |
| What did the Romans do with the Greek mythology gods? | They made the Greek mythology gods their own |
| What did Romans adapt on their own? | Heroes and legends |
| Who did they believe was their ancestor? | Vergil, Roman writer of the Aeneid and character Aeneas |
| Who were the most powerful in Italy? | Etruscans were the most powerful |
| What did the Etruscans influence? | Roman culture; skilled artists, builders, sailors and traders |
| Who ruled all of Italy? | Rome |
| When did Rome rule all of Italy? | Late 200s |
| What was the basic unit of the Roman army? | Legion |
| How many people were in a legion? | 4000-5000 people |
| What was in a legion? | Foot soldiers and infantry |
| What was a maniple? | unit of soldiers who formed a solid line |
| How many people were in a maniple? | 60-160 people |
| What was the purpose of a maniple? | To be more flexible |
| How did Rome gain power? | From allies, required allies to send troops to fight with them |
| What were loyal allies given? | Roman citizenship and voting rights |
| What time was Rome under control of different kings? | 753-509 B.C. |
| What was the early development of Rome influenced by? | The Etruscans |
| What were the last two kings? | Last two kings were Etruscan |
| Rome was under who's rule during the last two kings? | Under Etruscan rule |
| What is Rome's consitution? | A system of rules by which a government is organized |
| What was Rome's consitution based on? | Tradition and Custom |
| Did the Romans want to be ruled by one man? | No |
| Why didn't the Romans want to be ruled by one man? | To make sure one single person got too powerful |
| What did they do to make sure one person didn't get too powerful? | Splitting the office by electing 2 or more men |
| What could one do if the other had a bad idea? | They could Veto each other |
| How long did they rule for? | 1 year |
| What was power divided into? | Three groups |
| What three branches of government were there? | Assemblies, the Senate, and Magistrates/ Consuls |
| A government in 3 parts is called what? | A tripatatite |
| Could one branch stop another from misusing power? | Yes! |
| Who did the rule of law apply to? | Everyone |
| Did the rule of law even apply to Elected officals? | Yes! |
| Elected officals could be what? | Elected officials could be tried for violating the law after their term was over |
| Who governed the city for 1 year? | Consuls |
| Who looked after the money of Rome and were also judges? | Magistrates |
| Magistrates retired to what? | The senate |
| Who did the senate advise? | The consuls |
| Who ended up controlling Rome? | The senate! |
| Assemblies were what? | Democratic |
| Were assemblies fair? | No |
| Why weren't assemblies fair? | Wealthy citizens votes counted more than poor |
| Who were the assemblies checked by? | The senate and elected officals |
| What did elected officials do? | They passed laws |
| What did judges/praeter do? | They judged cases |
| What could the judges/praeter be elected to be? | Consul |
| What did the judges/praeter manage? | The city of Rome |
| Could plebecians run for Tribunes? | Yes, they could |
| What did the Tribunes act as? | Protecters |
| What could Tribunes do/Veto? | Had right to Veto any law or action of any magistrate |
| What is forbidden to do to the Tribunes? | To harm or stop a tribune from doing his job |
| How long did war last for the Roman Republic? | Two hundred years! |
| What were the traits of the Romans? | Duty, Discipline, and courage |
| Who did the Roman Republic conquer? | Latin states and Greeks as well |
| What did Romans build and connect to army land? | Colonies and towns |
| How did the Romans maintain rule of Italy? | By divising the Roman Confederation |
| What did the Romans do to captured people? | They made people feel like they were apart of Rome's success |
| What did Rome let their allies do? | Improve their status |
| Who ruled the families? | Men did |
| Who ruled all of property? | The oldest man |
| What could the men do with his family? | Sell his children or kill them! |
| Absolute what over family? | Absolute, unlimited power over family |
| Who did the Roman women have more freedom than? | The Greeks |
| What could Roman women own? | Personal Property |
| What could Roman woman have? | An active social life, parties, theater, religous rituals |
| What could Roman women NOT do? | Vote, attend assemblies or hold office |
| What was Roman woman's most important role? | Have children and raise them to follow tradition |
| Who was at the top at the social hierarchy? (besides Consuls and Preators) | Senators |
| What did senators do? | They had great power, they were the wealthiest nobles |
| Who was below the senators on the social hierarchy? | Nobles & Patricians |
| What did the Nobles & Patricians do? | They were officals and advisors, landowners and Rome's ruling class |
| Who were below the Nobles & Patricians? | Plebeians |
| What did the Plebeians do? | They were also known as Plebs, Majority of Roman class, Less wealthy craftspeople, merchants, and landowners |
| Who were below the Plebeians? | The Freedmen, |
| What did the Freedmen do? | Were once slaves, now free, they had Major restrictons on legal rights |
| Who were below the Freedmen? | Slaves |
| Is a textbook Primary or Secondary? | Secondary |
| Is a book about Egypt Primary or Secondary? | Secondary |
| Is a photograph Primary or Secondary? | Primary |
| Is a biography Primary or Secondary? | Secondary |
| Is an audio recording of a speech Primary or Secondary? | Primary |
| Is a diary Primary or Secondary? | Primary |
| Is a letter Primary or Secondary? | Primary |
| Is pottery from Ancient China Primary or Secondary? | Primary |
| Is a movie Primary or Secondary? | Secondary |
| What is the saying to remember the 5 themes of Geography? | Lazy People Have Many Remotes |
| What is the 5 themes of Geography? | Location, Place, Human Environment Interaction, Movement, Region |
| What were the Punic Wars? | Many battles fought between Rome and Carthage |
| When did Latins enter the region? | 1000 B.C. |
| When were republicans created? | 500 B.C. |
| When were the Twelve tables written? | 450 B.C. |
| When was the end of the Roman Republic? | 46 B.C. |
| When was Julius Caesar assassinated? | 44 B.C. |
| How long did the Punic Wars last? | 264-164 B.C. |
| When was Christananity given recognition? | 310 A.D. |
| When was Pompeii destroyed? | 79 A.D. |
| When was the Roman Empire at it's peak? | 117 A.D. |
| When did the Roman Empire collapse? | 476 A.D. |
| Why did the Punic "Wars" even happen? | Rome and Carthage cities were Major powers that began to clash |
| How many wars were there in the Punic Wars? | There were three major wars |
| When was the first Punic War fought? | 264-241 B.C. |
| Where was the fighting done in the first Punic War? | Much of fighting at sea |
| How did the Romans defeat the navy off the coast of Sicily in the Punic Wars? | Romans sent a fleet |
| Was Rome stronger than Carthage at sea? | No! |
| What did Sicily become the first of in the first Punic War? | The very first Roman Province |
| When was the second Punic War fought? | 218-201 B.C. |
| Who was Carthage's leader in the second Punic War? | Hannibal |
| Was Carthage more successful under their new leader in the second Punic War? | Yes! |
| What did Hannibal decide he would do in the second Punic War? | He would bring the wars to the Romans |
| What did Hannibal bring in the second Punic War that surprised Rome? | He brought war elephants! |
| Who won the second Punic War? | Rome! They counter attacked and made Hannibal surrender |
| What did the Romans do in the third Punic War? | They attacked and burned down the city of Carthage making Rome victorious |
| What did the slaves do? | NO freedom, considered property of the landowners, lowest class |
| After Octavian's death, what was he considered? | A god and was worshipped |
| Under who's rule was Rome the most peaceful? | Antoninus Pius |
| What was the biggest form of entertainment in Rome? | Gladiatorial shows |
| Where did the Gladiatorial shows take place? | In the colosseum or amphitheaters |
| What is a prophet? | People who are said to receive messages from God. |
| What was the first monotheistic religion in the world? | Christianity |
| About how many people practiced Judaism? | 14 million people |
| Many Hebrews moved to where? | To Egypt |
| Why did the Pharoah enslave Hebrews? | To stop Hebrew population from growing |
| What was written on the stone tablets? | The 10 commandments |
| What are them Moral Laws? | Worshipping only 1 god, value human life, Justice, self control |
| What was Jesus's religion? | Judaism |
| Why did the followers begin to think Jesus was the Messiah? | He spoke out for the poor and the outcast, they also believed that he could heal the sick. |
| What is the bible? | The holy book of Christianity. |
| Who founded Christianity? | Jesus of Nazareth |
| Which Roman emperor became a Christian? | Constantine |
| Why was Jesus arrested? | He was convicted of Treason |
| How did Jesus die? | He was crucified |
| What happened to Jesus 3 days after his death? | He rose from the dead, also known as resurrection. |
| What is a trinity? | What God is made up of. |
| What is in the Trinity? | Father, son, holy spirit |
| Where is the place of worship for Christianity? | A church |
| What are the Christian holy days? | Easter and Christmas |
| What were Jesus's teachings? | God created all people and loves them, People should help each other, Anyone whom puts trust in God will be forgiven, God loves people whom have sinned, People should behave like God's children and love one another |
| What are the internal threats? | Food shortages, disease, Increase of taxes to pay for defenses, empire too large to be ruled effectively, Germans came for food and to farm abandoned lands, German communtities ingored the emperor. |
| What are the external threats? | Tribes of fierce Germanic warriors attacked Rome's northern borders, Persian armies invaded the East, |
| What was the Justinian Code? | It was a code that gave great power to the emperor |
| What is a mercenary? | Someone who tries to convert others to a specific religion. |
| Who was Justinian? | Roman emperor who created the Justinian Code |
| What did Constantine do? | He made the capitol "Constantinople," and made it rich. |
| Who were the apostles? | The 12 deciples whom Jesus chose to receive special training |
| What is a martyr? | A person who dies for their religious beliefs |
| What is a prophet? | People whom are said to receive messages from God |
| How did diocletian solve the problem of choosing a new emperor? | Divided the empire into east and west |
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