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History
The renaissance chp 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does renaissance mean | The word renaissance refers to the rebirth of European interest in the civilisations of Ancient Greece and Rome |
| What did people do during this period renaissance? | Many people began to question old ideas from the Middle Ages and develop new ideas about art,architecture,science,literature and medicine, |
| What is humanism | A shift in mindset from a focus on god to a focus on human knowledge,this was popular in renaissance |
| What did humanism lead to?/ impacts of humanism. | This lead to artists focusing on recreating real word in their work/realism in their work |
| How was the renaissances humanism approach different from the Middle Ages | Because in the Middle Ages,everything was seen in the context of what the church taught,but in renaissance humanisim they focused on human knolwege |
| Where did the renaissance begin | In Italy |
| List the reasons why the renaissance began in Italy | 1. The ruins of the Roman Empire 2. The fall of Constantinople in 1453 3. Wealth from trade 4. New ideas from trade 5. Competition between Italian city states 6. Patrons |
| Why was the ruins of Roman Empire a reason,explain | Italy was centre of Roman Empire,the remains of Roman buildings,art,everywhere,the Italian language was based on Latin made it easier for people to read ancient works when available,these inspired the Italians and they wanted to copy success of ancestors |
| Why was the fall of Constantinople in 1453 a reason,explain | Constainople was the capital of the eastern Roman (Byzantine) empire, it was captured by the ottoman turks in 1453, Greek scholars fled to Italy bringing Ancient Greek and Roman manuscripts with them,these were full of ideas Italians hadn’t seen |
| Why was the wealth from trade a reason,explain | Italys position in the centre of the Mediterranean meant that it had grown rich on trade in goods coming overland from the east e.g silks and spices,these merchants had money to spend on works of art and architecture to show their wealth and power. |
| Why was new ideas from trade a reason,explain | Traders brought back more than goods from the east,merchants travelled to china,India,Arabia and returned with ideas from these advanced civilisations,e.g they learned about maths from the Arabs and introduced Arabic number system in Europe |
| Why was competition from Italian city states a reason,explain | Italy was made up many idependant city states,all in comp with each other over territory,trade,wealth,powder,to show who was richest and most powerful,they all hired artists to build great buildings,produce great works of art, |
| For completion from Italian states,why were these works of art implemented | To show their city in a positive light,Florence was one of the most important Italian cities, |
| What was a patron | A wealthy person who commissioned (hired.) an artist to produce art for them.there were many different types of patrons in the renaissance |
| Who were the patrons usually, | The catholic chirch (especially popes e.g julius II) spent a lot of money to make their churches and cathedrals beautiful,kings and governments aswell,they wanted artworks that would glorify their countries and cities, |
| Name a wealthy patron family | The De Medici family,they were art patrons |
| Was Florence wealthy,what was population of Florence,and where was its wealth from | By 1400 Florence was the wealthiest city in Italy, Population over 100,000 Its wealth came from wool trade and later from banking |
| Who had most power over the city | The most power in the city lay in hands of the de Medici family, |
| Why did they have the piwer | Because they owned the larger bank in the city and used their money to ensure the men did what they wanted, |
| Why would they want Florence to remain at peace with neighbours | Because peace was good for trade and business. |
| Who were one of the most important patrons in de Medici family | Cosimo de Medici,his grandson lorenzo, |
| Why were these one of the most important | Because they sponsored artists and architects,opened schools for the study of Roman and Greek manuscripts,established academy for sculptors in their own palace. |
| what is perspective | Perspective is to create depth and distance in a painting |
| What is anatomy | The study of the structure of human body. |
| What is sfumato | This words means smoky,involved blurring /smudging lines and colours to create Smokey effect,makes paintings lifelike. |
| What was a canvas | Thick woven sheet of flax. |
| What was fresco meaning | Fresco means fresh,Medival people used this word for walls with plaster that was wet |
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