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Cultural Geography 1

Exam 1 Study Guide Cultural Geography

TermDefinition
geography literally "to write about or describe the Earth"
human geography study of spatial and material characteristics of human-made places and people
environmental determinism the theory that human diversity results strictly from climatic or locational factors
possibilism reaction against determinism, the idea that humans can modify their surroundings
formal region area possessing one or more unifying physical or cultural traits
functional region area united by a specific activity with a coordinating "node" or office
time-space compression the feeling that places are closer together due to technology and transportation
actor-network theory a reinterpretation emphasizing that humans and non-humans are linked in dynamic relations
isogloss a line that marks the boundary of a specific linguistic feature
Dialect A particular variety of language with distinctive vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation.
accent Pronunciation differences only among speakers of a language.
language family A collection of languages that share a common but distant ancestor.
Hearth a place or region where an innovation, idea, or cultural practice begins.
Linguistic Dominance A situation where one language becomes predominately more powerful than another.
offical language One that a country formally designates for political, legal, and admin affairs.
linguistic endangerment A language no longer taught to children or used for everyday conversation.
language hotspot Area with high endangerment, high diversity, and poorly documented languages.
toponym A place name; tied to identity, social, and political power.
sacred space Space with special religious significance worthy of reverence or devotion.
religious ecology An awareness of the interdependence between people and nature. Religions seeking worldwide appeal (e.g., Christianity, Islam, Buddhism).
ethnic religion Religion identified with a specific ethnic group/ancestry (e.g., Hinduism).
polytheistic Belief in or worship of multiple deities.
animistic Veneration of spirits or deities associated with natural features (rocks, rivers). The spatial expression and mapping of how cultures handle death/cemeteries.
race Idea that genetic traits can identify exclusive categories of people (social construction).
racism Intolerance of people perceived to be inherently or genetically inferior.
ethnicity Shared collective identity derived from common ancestry, history, or religion.
environmental justice Fair treatment of all people regarding environmental laws and policies.
grand apartheid National-level segregation intended to separate population groups territorially.
petty apartheid Individual-scale racism/segregation (e.g., "Whites Only" signs).
gender gap Disparity between men and women in opportunities, rights, and benefits.
data justice Addressing how people are represented or excluded through their data.
demography The statistical study of characteristics of human populations.
fertility The ability to produce offspring; refers to births within a population.
total fertility rate (TFR) Number of children a woman is expected to have during childbearing years.
pro-natalist Policy or practice of encouraging people to have children (e.g., Finnish Baby Box).
anti-natalist The belief or policy that it is morally wrong or restricted to have children.
social protections Government assistance (food, housing, healthcare) to promote social cohesion.
refugee One who flees to another country for safety or to avoid persecution.
population composition Structure of a population in terms of age, sex, and marital status.
universalizing religion Religions seeking worldwide appeal (e.g., Christianity, Islam, Buddhism).
deathscapes The spatial expression and mapping of how cultures handle death/cemeteries.
Created by: hdempsey47
 

 



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