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BIOL chapter 6 terms

BIOL chapter 6

TermDefinition
Protists Diverse group of mostly unicellular eukaryotes that are not plants, animals, or fungi
Eukarya Domain containing organisms with membrane-bound nucleus and organelles
Supergroup Large clade within Eukarya based on genetic relatedness
Excavata Supergroup of protists, many with modified mitochondria and excavated feeding groove
Diplomonads Excavates with reduced mitochondria (mitosomes), often parasitic
Parabasalids Excavates lacking typical mitochondria, many symbiotic or parasitic
Euglenozoans Excavates with flagella; some photosynthetic, some heterotrophic
SAR Supergroup including Stramenopiles, Alveolates, and Rhizarians
Stramenopiles SAR group; many photosynthetic, have “hairy” flagella
Diatoms Photosynthetic stramenopiles with silica cell walls
Brown algae Multicellular stramenopiles, large seaweeds
Oomycetes Fungus-like stramenopiles (water molds)
Alveolates SAR group with membrane-bound sacs (alveoli) under plasma membrane
Dinoflagellates Mostly photosynthetic alveolates, some cause red tides
Apicomplexans Parasitic alveolates with apical complex
Ciliates Alveolates covered in cilia for movement/feeding
Rhizarians SAR group with thin pseudopodia
Forams (Foraminiferans) Rhizarians with calcium carbonate shells
Radiolarians Rhizarians with intricate silica skeletons
Archaeplastida Supergroup including red algae, green algae, and land plants
Rhodophyta (Red algae) Photosynthetic protists with red pigments
Chlorophytes (Green algae) Photosynthetic protists closely related to land plants
Viridiplantae Green algae + land plants clade
Unikonta Supergroup including Amoebozoans and Opisthokonts
Amoebozoans Unikonts with lobe-shaped pseudopodia
Slime molds Amoebozoans that aggregate into multicellular structures
Opisthokonts Unikonts with posterior flagellum lineage
Choanoflagellates Closest living relatives of animals
Endosymbiosis Process where one cell engulfs another and both survive
Secondary endosymbiosis Eukaryote engulfing another photosynthetic eukaryote
Phylogeny Evolutionary history and relationships among organisms
Clade Group including ancestor and all descendants
Protist nutritional modes How protists obtain energy (autotroph, heterotroph, mixotroph)
Created by: user-1770278
 

 



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