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History 120 Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 14th Amendment | Who: All Persons/ Naturalized What: Supreme law of the land Where: USA When: Passed 6/13/1866 Why: est. birthright citizenship and equal protection Hist. Sig: Shifts power from state to federal Im. Sig: Allows citizenship,protecton and due proces |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | Who: Chinese Laborers What: Exclusion Law Where: USA When: 5/16/1882 Why: Blamed for lowering wages/ taking jobs Hist. Sig: 1st major law to restrict racially Im. Sig: first law to restrict immigrants |
| Indentured Servants | Who: Britan/Eastern Europe Poor/least wealthy people What: Contract bound servants in exchange for US land Where: 13 colonies/ tobacco plantations When: 17th Century Why: Solve mass labor shortage Hist. Sig: cheap labor Im. Sig: work for home |
| Puritans | Who: English Protestants What: Religious Reform movement Where: New England- MASS bay colony When: 16/17th Century Why: establish "pure" land from Catholics Hist. Sig: US reform Im. Sig: escaping religious prosecution |
| Naturalization Act of 1790 | Who: free white persons What: law limited to free white people of good nature Where: US When: 1790 Why: federal rule for US Citizenship Hist. Sig: The first rule made for US Citizens Im. Sig: say who could become a U.S. citizen |
| Naturalization Act of 1795 | Who: effected non white/ European Imm What: same law but tougher rules Where:US When: 1795 Why: had to go to court to declare intent 3 years prior Hist. Sig: "blueprint" for US citizenship we use still Im. Sig: made this harder and longer process |
| United States v. Wong Kim Ark | Who: Wong Kim Ark (cook/San Fran) What: if born in the U.S. to non us parents is a U.S. citizen. Where: SanFran CA When: 3/28 1898 Why: wouldnt let him in US Hist. Sig: solid the principle of birthright citizenship Im. Sig: bridge between imm. famil |
| Transcontinental Railroad | Who: Chinese/Im. builders What: railroad connecting the us Where: Union to central pacific When: 1863-69 Why: unify nation during war Hist. Sig: ended the frontier Im. Sig: Made primarily by Imm. |
| Opium Wars | Who: China and Britan empire What: war between them Where: costal china When: 1839-1842 Why: Brit smuggles in opium starting addictions Hist. Sig: China lose soveirnty through other power Im. Sig: send Chinese to work in us (mining) |
| Ellis Island | Who: European Imm. What: imm. inspection station Where: NY When: 1892-1954 Why: move im. control to federal not state Hist. Sig: "Great Wave" of Imm. Im. Sig: gateway for the American dream |
| Alien Friends and Alien Enemies Acts | Who: John adams What: law to deport who seemed fit to adams When: 1798 Where: US Why: prevent french revo. spies in the gov. Hist Sig: major back lash- fall of adams Imm Sig: using deportation as political tool |
| Rose Gallop (Cohen) | Who: writer and garment worker What: Russian-Jewish immigrant When: 1892 Where: NY Why: escaped oppressive russia Hist Sig: shows poor work conditions of women Imm Sig: pressure to be Americanized |
| Russian Pogroms | Who: Russians/ Jewish What: anti jewish riot/ massacre When: late 1800 early 1900s Where: Russia Why: easy targets for country instability Hist Sig: caused "great migration" Imm Sig: made early "refugee" concept |
| Push and Pull | Who: all migrants What: why leave? Why enter? When: 1880s Where: US Why: maximize opp. saftey and quality of life Hist Sig: Industrial rev. Urbanization Imm Sig: reason behind Imm. |
| Chain migration | Who: US Citizens What: family-based immigrant visas When: 1965 Where: US Why: Family reunification Hist Sig: end of discriminatory quotas Imm Sig: primary source of legal entry |
| Angel Island | Who: all imm. What: imm. station of west When: 1910-1940 Where: SanFran Bay US Why: used to filter out asian imm. Hist Sig: holds anger and pain of imm on the walls Imm Sig: institutionalized racism |
| Cubic Air Act | Who: Chinese Imm. What: law to provide 500 cubic ft of air in home When: 1870 Where: SanFran Why: make Chinese dense housing impossible Hist Sig: legal harassment Imm Sig: "nuturel" law used to discriminate |
| Chinese laundries | Who: Chinese male imm. What: survival job against racist economy When: late 1800s mid 1900s Where: Sanfran Why: minimal recourses minimal english Hist Sig: served as community centers Imm Sig: allowed bypass of chinese exclusion act |
| Jamestown | Who: captian john smith and team What: buisness for gold, water route, english foothold When: 1607 Where: james river virginia Why: sought profit from New World resources Hist Sig: first perm. settlement Imm Sig: first english migrants |
| Naturalization Act of 1870 | Who: Africans/ Chinese What: law expanding african, excluding chinese When: 1870 Where: US Why: give path to prior slaves (restruction era) Hist Sig: restruction milestone Imm Sig: Asain exclusion |
| Forty-Eighter | Who: european imm. What: wave from failed europen revolution When: 1848 Where: German belt (MKE,st luis, NY) Why: fled political repression Hist Sig: crital voters of anti slavery Imm Sig: brought highly educated people |
| Immigration Restriction League | Who: 3 harvard grads What: trying to pass laws to block "wrong" imm. When: 1894 Where: boston Why: would ruin american culture Hist Sig: birth literacy test Imm Sig: used fake science to prove "better" races |
| Rosa Cassettari | Who: italian domestic worker What: italian female imm. When: 1884 imm. Where: settled in Chicago Why: came to us for abuse husband then escaped Hist Sig: female perspective chi settlent home Imm Sig:chain migration/ escape |
| Non-citizen nationals | Who: Territorial natives/ decendants What: right to live/work in us w/o visa Where: us territory islands When: 1940 Why: have us privliges w/o citezenship Hist. Sig.: maintain a colonial-style relationship Im. Sig: bypasses standard imm. controls |
| Burlingame Treaty | Who: US/ Quing Dynasty China What: friendly relations between Where: Bejing When: 1868 Why: expand commercial influence in Asia Hist. Sig.: First "Equal" Treaty Im. Sig: Mass Migration Trigger |
| People v. Hall | Who: George Hall/ Chinese What: ruling no testify on chinese to american Where: CA When: 1854 Why: protect superior status Hist. Sig.: Legalized Supremacy Im. Sig: led to exclusion act |
| Mamie Tape | Who: Tape family What: chinese school exclusion Where: Sanfran When: 1884 Why: us born child can attend us school (china) Hist. Sig.: seperate but equal analogy Im. Sig: birthright citizenship |
| Dred Scott Case | Who: African Am. vs congress What: african am. cant be citiz. Where: US When: 1846 Why: settle slavery controversy Hist. Sig.: stepping stone to Am. civil war Im. Sig: legal excluding entire race |
| Irish Potato Famine | Who: Irish Farmers/ Catholics What: crop faliure lead to deaths Where: Ireland When: 1847 Why: systematic failure Hist. Sig.: population collapse Im. Sig: first mass refugee wave |
| sojourners | Who: temporary migrants What: migrants with intent to return to home country Where: US/ Work sites When: late 1800 Why: labor needs/ hostile env. Hist. Sig.: agricultre builder (railroad) Im. Sig: legal names (didnt allow us rights) |
| Know-Nothing Party | Who: white native born protestants What: first major nativist party Where: us When: mid 1800s Why: mass migration backlash Hist. Sig.: paves wavw for Repub. party Im. Sig: Institutionalized Nativism |
| Geary Act | Who: Thomas J. Geary/ Chinese What: 10 year prohibition extension on Chinese Where: US When: 1892 Why: viewed Chinese as unfair competition Hist. Sig.: invention of green card Im. Sig: photo id for imm. |
| Page Act | Who: Chinese women/targeted ppl What: prohibiting groups of "immoral" purposes Where: us When: 1875 Why: Chinese women corrupted the "moral fiber" of white us men. Hist. Sig.: end of free migration Im. Sig: sexualized women start |
| Remittances | Who: Senders, remitters, banks What: transfers of money or goods by migrant workers Where: Sending/Recipient countries When: Why: moral and financial obligation Hist. Sig.: financial flow post war Im. Sig: "ticket" to migrate and send money |
| Progressivism | Who: Reformers. political figures What: seeks to improve the human condition through government intervention Where: us When: 1890 to 1920. Why: response to guilded age Hist. Sig.: Transforming Governance Im. Sig: settlement houses made |
| Chinese Six Companies | Who: major district associations What: diplomatic body for chinese Where: Sanfrn When: 1850s Why: protection from violence Hist. Sig.: link between the Qing government and the U.S. Im. Sig: Resistance to Exclusion |
| Homestead Act | Who: Eligible Claimants What: A standard allotment of 160 acres of public land. Where: western territories When: 1862 Why: nation development /social mobility Hist. Sig.: Massive Land Transfer Im. Sig: The "First Accommodating Immigration Law" |
| Nativism | Who: white Protestants of Anglo-Saxon descent What: The conviction that immigrants are unassimilable Where: high immigrant population cities When: since 1800s Why: political power Hist. Sig.: legal exclusion Im. Sig: long path to citezenship |
| Foreign Miners’ Tax | Who: primary targets What: restrict the non-white immigrants in the Gold Rush Where: CA gold fields When: 1850 Why: Economic Protectionism Hist. Sig.: Institutionalized Racism Im. Sig: Precedent for Exclusion |
| Bureau of Immigration | Who: leadership and target pop. What: trans. from state to federal control of us borders Where: Ellis/angel island When: 1891 Why: admin. power to deport imm. who violated laws Hist. Sig.: End State Control Im. Sig: shifted the U.S. identity from |
| Henry Cabot Lodge | Who: founding member Imm. Restriction League. What: Literacy Test Advocate Where: Represented Mass When: 1890s through the early 1920 Why: Racial Preservation Hist. Sig.: highly regulated "gatekeeping" nation Im. Sig: literacy test |
| Americanization | Who: all non us people targets What: adoption of us culture and language Where: us When: ww1 Why:Nativist Protectionism Hist. Sig.:The "Melting Pot" Myth Im. Sig: Transition to Pluralism |
| Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo | Who: negotiators/ signatories What: officially ended the Mexican-us War Where: Guadalupe Hidalgo When: 1848 Why: end conflict Hist. Sig.: path to civil war Im. Sig: Creation of Mexican Americans |
| “New Immigrants” | Who: arrivals during the late 19th and early 20th centuries What: poor,illiterate, unskilled laborers Where: industrial cities When: 1907 Why: push pull Hist. Sig.: Urban Transformation Im. Sig: Legislative Shift |
| Malaka Gharib | Who: Egyptian-Filipino American What: journalist, cartoonist, and author Where: raised in CA When: Why: sharing immigrant stories from in us Hist. Sig.: New Media Memoir Im. Sig: The First-Gen Voice |
| Foran Act | Who: unskilled foreign laborers What: illegal for anyone to prepay assist of migration of alien under an emp. contract made prior Where: us When: 1885 Why: Nativist Sentiment Hist. Sig.: state to federal power Im. Sig: Gatekeeping Precedent |
Created by:
adaugher