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Kyle questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When utilizing waterproof wrap how much should it overlap? | 50% |
| What is not needed for a posterior splint? A: Cast padding B:plaster C:Adhesive foam D:Stockinette | Stockinette |
| What is not a type of scoliosis? A: Idiopathic B: Congenital C: Spina bifida D: Neuromuscular | Spina bifida |
| What x-ray View is not looking at the knee? A: tunnel B:Hobbs C: sunset D:lateral | Hobbs |
| What is the setting time for extra fast setting plaster? A: 1-2 min B: 2-4 min C: 3-5 min D: 5-8 min | 2-4 min |
| Halo best is used for what type of fractures? A: Cervical B: Thoracic C: Lumbar D: Sacral | Cervical |
| The Dennis brown splint is used to treat everything except A: bowed legs B: knock knees C: ankle sprain D:tibial torsion | Ankle sprain |
| What type of angulation would you lengthen the sling on hanging arm cast? A: Anterior B: Posterior C: Valgus D: Varus | Posterior |
| If a patient has a Buckle fracture that is not painful during palpitation, supination, or pronation what type of cast should be placed? | Short arm cast |
| A indium scan would take place where? | Nuclear medicine lab |
| Why should you not squeeze the water out of fiberglass slabs or rolls? | It will increase the setting time |
| What is the common fracture seen in children that occurs when adult pulls their hands? | Nursemaids elbow |
| How many sterile layers should be draped over a patient lying on their side for hip surgery | 2 |
| If a patient has a ulnar or radial shaft fracture that does not require ORIF, what type of cast should they be placed into? | Long arm cast |
| What do bone reduction forceps look like? | They resemble scissors and are designed to grasp, hold, compress, and a line fractured bone fragments during surgery. |
| What is a Curette and what’s it used for? | Specialized surgical instrument with a small scoop, hook, or gouge at the tip designed for scraping cleaning or debriding, biological tissues or foreign materials |
| Hanging arm cast is used primarily to produce, which of the following | Traction |
| A normal body cast is trimmed to allow | Comfort in sitting |
| What sesamoid bone is found in the tendon in the lateral gastronemius head | Fabella |
| Per OSHA what is a source individual? | A source individual means any individual living or dead, whose blood or other potentially infectious materials may be a source of occupational exposure to the employee |
| What nerve should be protected during a medial meniscus repair? | Saphenous nerve, specifically its infrapatellar branch |
| According to OSHA, a needle stick is what type of injury? | Physical, sharps injury percutanius |
| Leg casts should be patted at the fibular head to prevent | Perineal nerve paralysis “foot drop” |
| The deltoid ligament complex is located | At the medial ankle |
| What is a possible complication of skeletal attract | Osteomyelitis |
| Where should the counter traction be during a shoulder reduction in the OR with a patient under anesthesia? | Axilla “armpit” |
| What are you protecting when you place additional padding on the axle area when a patient is lying on their side during surgery? | The brachial plexus |
| What could happen if the water is too hot when fiberglass is dipped into it | Thermal burn |
| To prevent brain necrosis when pulling a pin out, you should | Loosen or cut the constricting ring of tissue around the pin site before removal and *pull out slow* |
| Which nerve innervates the hypothenar area | Ulnar nerve |
| If a patient has a lateral plateau fracture without depression and does not require an open reduction, internal fixation, what would they be placed into? | Long leg cast, with the knee in extension nwb 6-8 weeks |
| Why should you not squeeze the water out of fiberglass slabs or rolls? | Squeezing fiberglass casting material removes necessary water and resin, leading to improper curing and decreased cast strength. Soak, DON’T squeeze — let the resin breathe |
| Which x-ray review will show if there is a syndesmosis injury in the ankle? | Mortise View |
| What increases the strength of an external fixator? | - Increase the distance between the pins (wider pin spread) -Increase the number of pins -Use larger diameter pins - Decrease the distance from the bone to the connecting rod (keep bar closer to bone) |
| Where is intercondylar eminence located? | Top proximal end of the tibia |
| Besides blood, what of the following are also infectious? | Semen, vaginal secretions, CSF, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid, amniotic fluid, and saliva |
| What is genuvalgum? | When the knees are close together, valgus, knock knees |
| What is genuvarum? | When the knees bow out, varus |
| How often should the ortho tech tell the patient to do ankle exercises after applying traction? | Every hour while awake. instruct the patient to perform ankle pumps / ankle exercises hourly while awake to help prevent DVT and venous stasis. |
| Tibial torsion causes what type of appearance | Tibial torsion causes a “pigeon-toed” (in-toeing) appearance. |
| Internal tibial torsion is which way? | in-toeing |
| External tibial torsion | out-toeing |
| What is the Pavlic harness used for? | Developmental dysplasia of the hip |
| What is a Craig splint? | pediatric hip positioning splint |
| What’s a cast brace? | Cast brace = “Cast that bends.” |
| What’s a post op brace? | Range of motion brace with hinge that can lock |
| What’s a Jewett brace? | A type of TLSO designed to treat, spinal compression fractures, osteoporosis, and kyphosis by forcing the spine into extension. It limits forward bending “flexion” |
| What’s a Boston brace? | Boston brace: A rigid TLSO brace used to prevent progression of scoliosis in growing adolescents. |
| Knight Taylor brace | Knight-Taylor brace: A thoracolumbosacral brace used to limit flexion and extension of the thoracic and lumbar spine, commonly for compression fractures or postural support. |
| Wilmington brace | A custom-molded TLSO used to treat scoliosis by applying total-contact circumferential pressure to prevent curve progression. |
| Charleston brace | *A nighttime scoliosis brace that holds the spine in an overcorrected side-bent position. *Worn only while sleeping *Used mainly for single lumbar or thoracolumbar curves *Goal: prevent curve progression in growing adolescents |
| Shoulder spica/airplane splint | * immobilize the shoulder in abduction. •Common for pediatric humerus fractures or shoulder injuries •Holds the arm out to the side (abducted) |
| Velcro armband | A soft Velcro strap used to support and stabilize pediatric humeral shaft fractures. |
| Denhe cast | 3 finger spica cast or a cast that’s used to allow early motion of the tibia |
| Delbert cast | Allows early movement of the ankle, think of a Muenster of the leg |
| Cylinder cast | straight tube cast |
| Coaptation splint | U shaped splint used for humerus fx |
| Short arm cast | Extends from Palmer crease to 2 inches from antecubital space |
| Long arm cast | Extends from just below the axilla to the Palmer crease |
| Dennis Brown bar | prevent recurrence of clubfoot after correction. A metal bar connecting two shoes/boots that hold the feet in external rotation (abduction). |
| Minerva jacket | A rigid cervical-thoracic brace that immobilizes the head and neck to stabilize the cervical spine after injury or surgery. |
| Milwaukee brace | A type of rigid full-torso back brace used to treat spinal deformities (like scoliosis), extending from the pelvis to the neck with a vertical metal frame to help correct or prevent curve progression. |
| Dynamic splint | A splint that uses springs or elastic tension to apply controlled, continuous force to improve joint motion while still allowing some movement. |
| Slipped capital epiphysis (SCFE): | Slipped capital epiphysis (SCFE): A condition where the head of the femur (capital epiphysis) slips backward and downward off the neck at the growth plate, usually in adolescents. |
| DDH | |
| A condition where the hip joint is improperly formed, causing the femoral head to be unstable, partially dislocated, or completely dislocated from the acetabulum. | |
| Allen test | A clinical test used to assess blood flow to the hand by evaluating the patency of the radial and ulnar arteries. |
| Barlow test | A physical exam maneuver used in infants to detect hip instability by attempting to gently dislocate a potentially unstable hip (screening for DDH). |
| Trendelenburg test | A physical exam test that assesses hip abductor strength by having the patient stand on one leg; a positive test shows pelvic drop on the unsupported side. |
| Lachman test | A knee exam used to assess the integrity of the ACL by pulling the tibia forward while the knee is slightly flexed; excessive movement indicates an ACL tear. |
| Ortolani test | An infant hip exam maneuver used to detect developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) by gently abducting the hips to see if a dislocated femoral head can be reduced back into the acetabulum (a positive test produces a “clunk”) |
| Bier block | A regional anesthesia technique where a local anesthetic is injected into a vein of an extremity after a tourniquet is applied, temporarily numbing the limb for short surgical procedures |
| Arthodesis | A surgical procedure that permanently fuses a joint to eliminate motion, usually to relieve pain or correct deformity. |
| Arthocentesis | A procedure in which a needle is inserted into a joint to withdraw fluid for diagnosis or to relieve pressure. |
| Smiths fx | A distal radius fracture with volar (palmar) displacement of the distal fragment — often called a reverse Colles fracture. Falling on dorsal side not outstretched hand |
| Colles fx | A distal radius fracture with dorsal (posterior) displacement of the distal fragment, often causing a “dinner fork” deformity. Falling on outstretched hand |
| Osteochondroma | A benign bone tumor that appears as a cartilage-capped bony outgrowth, usually arising from the metaphysis of long bones near the growth plate. |
| Inlet view on x ray | An AP axial pelvic X-ray taken with the beam angled caudally to evaluate the pelvic ring for anterior–posterior displacement and sacral injuries. |
| Telfa dressing | A sterile, non-adherent wound dressing pad used to cover wounds without sticking to the tissue. |
| Stress shielding | When a metal implant takes on most of the force instead of the bone, the bone doesn’t get used as much — so it becomes weaker and can shrink or thin out. |
| Pilon fx | A fracture of the distal tibia that extends into the ankle joint (tibial plafond), usually caused by high-energy axial loading. |
| Weber classification | A system that classifies fibula fractures based on their level relative to the ankle syndesmosis. Weber A: Fracture below the syndesmosis •Weber B: Fracture at the level of the syndesmosis •Weber C: Fracture above the syndesmosis |
| Gustilo-Anderson classification | Type I – <1 cm, clean Type II – >1 cm, moderate tissue damage Type III – Severe / high-energy • A – coverage OK • B – bone exposed • C – artery injured |
| Codman exercise | Passive shoulder pendulum exercises used to gently mobilize the shoulder joint. |
| Supracondular long arm cast mold | Long arm cast • Elbow at ~90° • Apply valgus three-point mold • Prevents varus (gunstock) deformity Memory: Supracondylar → Stop VARUS → Mold VALGUS |
| Masionneuve fracture | A Maisonneuve fracture is a proximal fibula fracture associated with a syndesmotic ankle injury and often a medial ankle injury (deltoid ligament tear or medial malleolus fracture). |
| Coxa vara | Coxa vara = decreased femoral neck–shaft angle (< 120°). Normal neck–shaft angle: 125–135° Coxa vara: < 120° Angle is too small |
| Coxa plana | Flattening of the femoral head • Usually from avascular necrosis in kids • Most commonly seen in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease 👉 Think: “Plana = flat.” |
| Coxa valga | Angle is too large • Femoral neck more vertical • Neck–shaft angle greater than 135° 👉 Think: “Valga = bigger angle.” |
| Legg-clave-perthes disiese | Avascular necrosis of the femoral head in children |
| Schaffer plate | Food support used for children or adolescence, looks like a heel lift |
| Chauffeur fracture | Radial styloid fracture |
| Hawkins test/neer test | Shoulder impingement |
| Presers disiese | Avascular necrosis of the scaphoid |
Created by:
preto4973