Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Mythology Quiz 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Orpheus (Person) | His father was king of Thrace, and his mother was the Muse Calliope. Theorized to be based on a real historical person. Unique as a Greek hero because of his musical ability, which could move objects and charm people (like a dnd bard) |
| Eurydice | Orpheus' wife. On their wedding day gets bitten by a snake and dies. Orpheus decides he will travel to the underworld to get her back. |
| Orpheus (Myth) | The myth that we get our knowledge of the Greek underworld from. |
| Charon | the ferryman to the afterlife. Carries souls across the river Styx for a payment. Also carried the living Orpheus across. |
| Styx | The river surrounding the underworld, keeping the souls in. |
| Cerberus | The 3-headed hell-hound of Hades. Lets souls enter but doesn't let them leave. |
| The 3 Judges | Consists of Minos and 2 others. Determine the kind of afterlife a soul will have based on their actions in life. |
| The Furies | 3 minor woman deities of vengeance and justice (sometimes thought to be daughters of Ge) |
| Tartarus | The part of hades that sucks. Basically hell or the bad place. (Dante's inferno borrows ideas from this concept in punishment based on the actions in one's life) Orpheus travels through it. |
| The Elysian Fields | The good afterlife in hades. Where many of the heroes went to after death. |
| Tantalus' hubris | a mortal who was friends with the gods and would have them over for dinner parties. Arrogant, and thought he could trick them. Cut up his son Pelops and tried to feed him to them. |
| Pelops | Tantalus's son. The gods knew Tantalus tried to serve him to them. they put him back together. |
| Tantalus' Punishment | The gods sent him to a place in Tartarus where he sits under a fruit tree, the fruit growing just out of reach. There is a river at his feet that recedes when he goes to drink. Forever tantalized by food and water but can never reach |
| Tityus | Tried to rape the titan Lito. Punished with an eagle that comes to eat his liver every day (like Prometheus) |
| Ixion | Tried to rape Athena. Punished by being tied to a spinning wheel for eternity. |
| Sisyphus' hubris | When the deity death came to take him, he trapped him. No one could die during this, so the gods noticed and saved death. Before he dies he tells his wife not to burry him so his soul would wander the Earth. The gods notice and send his soul down anyway. |
| Sisyphus' Punishment | Yup. Boulder. He has to push a boulder uphill, but when he is close to the top, the incline increases and it rolls back to the bottom. |
| Danaids | Sisters who killed their husbands. They have to use leaky pitchers/buckets to bring water from a river, across a field, to fill a trough, but the water all leaks out before making it there. |
| Orpheus' and Hade's deal | When Orpheus makes it to Hades, he charms him with his music, convincing him to let him bring Eurydice back to earth. With the condition that Orpheus has to trust that Hades will keep his end of the bargain, and not look behind him to check. |
| Orpheus fails | Orpheus is almost successful in bringing Eurydice back, but becomes suspicious at the very end while climbing the stairs out of hades. Turns to check and in that moment sees Eurydice fall back into hades. |
| Orpheus' fate | Greif-stricken, lives out the rest of his days in the woods alone in a hut. one day, his music gets the attention of Bacchii, who are sent into a frenzy from it, and tear him apart. |
| Orphism | A mystery religion based in Philosophy. Core belief is that the soul is contaminated by the body. |
| Zagreus | Son of Zeus and Persephone. Hera makes the Titans tear him apart and eat him. Zeus takes Zagreus' heart and puts it into his thigh, becomes Dionysus. Zeus zaps the titans, and from the ashes mankind is born. |
| The 2 sides Orphism believed mankind to have. | The Zagreus side, godly and good. And the Titian side, more earthly and wild. They believed you should try to rid yourself of the titan side to reach perfection. |
| Plato | Greek Philosopher and writer. Had Orphic views. 4th cent BC |
| The Republic | One of Plato's works. Contains the Myth of Er at the end. Also contains the Theory of Ideals/Forms. |
| Theory of Ideals/Forms | The idea there's a higher reality than we experience. everything exists in its ideal form. We all have these forms, but our bodies and lives prevent us from reaching it. We all have a sense of the ideal version of something, but cant exist on our plane |
| Barriers of Perfection in this plane (desk example) | Thoughts of the perfect desk are imperfect->the execution based on the imperfect thought of the perfect desk is imperfect to the thought->artistic depictions of this desk would be further imperfect |
| Myth of Er | A man that died on the battle field arrives in Hades and sees a bunch of souls looking at Lethe, drawing lots of what order they would choose their next life and have Metempsychosis. Orpheus is the last one, chooses a normal calm life. Then they drink |
| Lethe | the river of forgetfulness |
| Metempsychosis | the transmigration of the soul in death to a new life. Fancy reincarnation. |
| Anamnesis | The remembering of earlier forgotten knowledge from a past life (usually during decision making) |
| Perseus | Son of Danae and Zeus (via golden shower) First major Hero |
| Acrisius | King of Argos. Got a prophecy that his daughter would have a son that would kill him. Imprisons her so this can't happen. When she has a son anyways, exposes them by sending them out to sea in a box. |
| Danae | Mother of Perseus. Impregnated by Zeus via a golden shower. |
| Seriphos | The location Danae and Perseus wash up at. Found by Dictys, and live there with him on the beach for while Perseus grows up. |
| Dictys | Was supposed to be king of Seriphos, but his brother Polydectes took the throne and had him exiled to the beach. |
| Polydectes | Dictys' brother and ruler of Seriphos. Falls in love with Danae and forces her to marry him. Perseus cant afford a wedding gift so asks him what he can do for him. He asks for the head of Medusa as an impossible task to get rid of him. |
| Medusa | 1 of the 3 Gorgons. Sisters with bodies of snakes and snakes for hair. The only mortal one. Has blood that can dissolve through fabric and can turn you into stone by looking at her. |
| Zeus's message to Perseus | Zeus sends Hermes to tell Perseus that he needs to go to the Nymphs of the North to receive items to help kill Medusa. |
| The Graeae | 3 hags that shared 1 eye between them. Perseus goes to them to find out where the Nymphs of the North are. |
| Nymphs of the North | When Perseus finds them, they give him gifts to help slay Medusa: The Kibisis, 3 gifts from Hermes (winged sandals, cap of darkness, and a sword made by Hephaestus) and a well polished shield from Athena. They also tell him where to go. |
| Kibisis | a big pouch/cloth bag that was magically invulnerable, making it strong enough to carry Medusa's head without her blood dissolving it. |
| Pegasus | Born from Medusa's blood when she is slain |
| Queen Cassiopeia | Married to Cepheus, mother of Andromeda. says her daughter is more beautiful than the Nereids, causing Poseidon's wrath. Demands that Andromeda be sacrificed to a serpent. |
| King Cepheus | married to Cassiopeia, father of Andromeda. |
| Andromeda | Daughter of Cepheus and Cassiopeia. Perseus kills the sea serpent she is meant to be sacrificed to, and marries her. Is brought back with him to Seriphos |
| Perseus' return | Perseus "gives" Polydectes Medusa's head, and he turns to stone, returning the crown to Dictys, who then marries Danae. |
| Perseus kills Acrisius | Perseus and Danae want to make up with Acrisius, so they start traveling back to Argos. On the way, they stop in a city that has a games going on. Perseus joins the discus but is way too strong. Kills an old man in the crowd. That man is Acrisius |
| Heracles Myth | There is no one play recounting his life, he appears in many different plays, many of which are comedies. |
| Heracles/Hercules | Hero of Argos and Thebes. Born in Thebes. Mother is Alcmene, father is Zeus. Preforms the 12 Labors after killing his family. Seen as a physical hero, a comic figure, a philosophical hero, and worshiped as a god by the Greeks. |
| Alcmene | Mother of twins Heracles and Iphicles. Wife of king Amphitryon. While he was out at war, Zeus disguised himself as him and slept with her. The day after he leaves, the real Amphitryon shows up and sleeps with her too. Gets pregnant from both |
| Heracles' birth | Zeus decrees that his son born that day will rule those around him, so Hera sent Eileithyia (Goddess of childbirth) to hold Alcmene's knees together, causing her to be in labor for 6 days. |
| Heracles' infancy | Hera sends a snake to try to kill Heracles and Iphicles, but he already has enough strength in his baby hands to crush it to death |
| Heracles' attempt at music | As a young man, he kills his music teacher after harsh criticism for breaking a lyre. Gets sent away by his parents to study under Chiron |
| Megara | Heracles' first wife, who he has 3 children with. Hera sends Heracles into a fit of madness where he kills her and the children |
| Oracle of Delphi (Heracles) | Heracles asks what he can do to repent for murdering his family. Is told to go to King Eurystheus. |
| King Eurystheus | Heracles goes to him to receive punishment for his crimes. Under Hera's influence, gives Heracles the 12 labors, which are meant to be nearly impossible to complete. |
| The 12 Labors | The nearly impossible tasks given to Heracles to complete to repent for him murdering his family. First 6 are within Greece, after 7 starts to leave it. |
| The Nemean Lion | Labor 1. Lion with impenetrable skin. Heracles strangles it in a fight. Eurystheus asks for its skin as proof, so Heracles uses its own claws to skin it. He keeps the skin and wears it as a cloak. This initiates the Nemean games. Lion becomes Leo |
| The Hydra of Lerna | Labor 2. Dragon-like creature with 1 immortal head, and 8 that regenerate 2 more when cut off. Iolaus burnt the stumps while Heracles cut the heads off. Heracles buried the immortal head under a stone, and used its blood to coat his arrow heads. |
| Iolaus | Heracles' nephew and other Greek hero. Helped slay the Hydra |
| The Ceryneian Stag | Labor 3. Artemis's sacred deer. Heracles spent years tracking it before capturing it alive. As he was bringing it to Eurystheus, Artemis saw him with it. After he explained, she said it was okay but he better release it unharmed after. |
| The Erymanthian Boar | Labor 4. A very large and dangerous boar. Heracles tracks it down and brings back to Eurystheus alive |
| The Augean Stables | Labor 5. Heracles was tasked with cleaning these stables within 1 day. It housed thousands of cows and was never cleaned. Is almost he Labor he fails on. In the end, he diverts 2 rivers and washes out the stables. |
| The Stymphalian Birds | Labor 6. A mighty flock of massive birds with blade-like wings and feathers. Heracles bangs shields together to scare them off the ground, and shoots them down with his arrows. |
| The Cretan Bull | Labor 7. The bull Minos was supposed to sacrifice to Poseidon. Heracles came to Crete on a boat, but left on the back of the bull. Released it after. |
| The Mares of Diomedes | Labor 8. King Diomedes had a herd of vicious flesh-eating horses. Heracles kills him and feeds him to the horses, which tames them. |
| The Girdle of Hippolyta | Labor 9. The belt of Hippolyta. Heracles asks for it and she agrees. But while he's there, Hera tells the other Amazonians that Heracles is there to seduce and trick her, so they ambush him. Heracles assumes this was a trap by Hippolyta, and kills her |
| Hippolyta | the Amazonian Queen |
| Admetus | Friend of Heracles. Was told by a god he was to die, unless someone would take his place. The only willing person was his wife, Alcestis. |
| Alcestis | Admetus's wife who sacrificed herself for him. |
| Heracles' side quest | Heracles comes to Admetus' house while they are mourning his wife. At first didnt tell him because he didn't want to be a bad host. When Heracles finds out, he decides to save her by persuading death when he comes to take her soul. this works |
| Fetch Geryon's Cattle | Labor 10. A monster with several torsos who lives in what is now Spain, had beautiful red cattle. Heracles sails there, kills the monster with arrows, and brings back the cattle. |
| The Apples of Hesperides | Labor 11. Heracles doesnt know where the Hesperides are, so goes to Atlas. Atlas says he can get the apples for him, if he holds up the sky. When Atlas returns, he doesn't wanna take the sky back. |
| Atlas | Father of the Hesperides. Titan tasked with holding up the sky. Tries to leave Heracles with this task after gathering the Apples of Hesperides for him, but is tricked when Heracles asks him to take it back for a moment to put a rag on his head. |
| The Capture of Cerberus | Labor 12. Heracles travels down to hades and asks Hades if he can capture his dog. Says that's fine but not to hurt him. Wins against Cerberus in a bear-handed fight. |
| Deianira | Sister of Heracles' friend, he marries her after his 12 labors. one day, they came to a river. Heracles could cross but she couldnt, so he asks Nessus to carry her across. Halfway there, he tries to assault her, so Heracles shoots him with an arrow. |
| Nessus | The centaur Heracles asked to carry Deianira across a river. After being shot, makes it to the other side and gives Deianira his blood. Claims it is a "love potion" and to use it on Heracles' if he ever falls out of love with her. |
| Iole | A woman Heracles brings home from war. |
| Deianira uses Nessus' blood | When Heracles brings back Iole, this worries Deianira that he is falling out of love with her, so she puts Nessus' blood in his cloak. It was not a love potion, and burns his skin horribly. He doesnt die, but wants to. |
| Heracles' Funeral | Lashing out in pain, Heracles constructs his own funeral pyre, Philoctetes is his only friend willing to light it for him. He gifts him his bow and arrow for this. |
| Heracles' Ascension | In death, the gods recognized that Heracles life really sucked for him, and decided to make him immortal. Takes Hebe as his godly wife. |
| The Stoics | Believed Heracles was an honorable example of their belief of doing your duty no matter what without complaint. |
Created by:
Gothic_Bruno