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Cardiovascular

QuestionAnswer
About how large is a human heart? size of your fist.
2/3 of the heart lies on which side of the body's midline? left.
The heart is behind which bone? sternum.
Is the heart above or below the diaphgram? above.
The bottom tip of the heart is called what? apex.
The heart sits in a sac in a cavity called the epicardium, pericardium, endocardium? pericardium.
What is the name of the covering of the outer surface of the heart? epicardium.
What is the name of the muscle layer of the heart? myocardium.
What is the name of the inner lining of the heart? endocardium.
The human heart has how many chambers? 4.
What is the name of the heart's upper two receiving chambers? atrium/atria.
What is the name of the heart's lower two pumping chambers? ventricles.
Which side of the heart receives blood low in oxygen (high in carbon dioxide-- deoxygenated)? right.
Which side of the heart receives blood high in oxygen (low in carbon dioxide-- oxygenated)? left.
What is the name of the tissue that separated the left and right side of the heart? septum.
What is the name of the fetal structure that allows blood to bypass the lungs and travel from the right atrium directly to the left atrium? foramen ovale.
What is the name of the fetal structure that allows blood to bypass the lungs and travel from the pulmonary trunk directly to the aorta? ductus arteriosous.
What is the name of the remnant of the foramen ovale? fossa ovalis.
What is the name of the remnant of the ductus arteriosous? ligamentum arteriosum.
What is the name of the valves between the atria and ventricles? atrioventricular valves.
What is the name of the valves between the ventricles and large exit vessels? semilunar.
What is the name of the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle? tricuspid valve.
What is the name of the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle? bicuspid valve.
What is the name of the valve between the ventricle and the exit vessel to the lungs? pulmonary valves.
What is the name of the valve between the ventricle and the exit vessel to the body? aortic.
Which blood vessels carry blood TO the heart? veins.
Which blood vessels carry blood AWAY from the heart? arteries.
Which blood vessels are the sites of exchange between the body cells and the bood? capillaries.
What is the name of the circuit carrying blood to and from the lungs? pulmonary circuit.
What is the name of the circuit carrying blood to and from the body cells, tissues, organs? systemic.
What is the name if the circuit carrying blood to and from the outside of the heart? coronary.
Which side of the heart sends blood to the lungs? right.
Which side of the heart sends blood to the body? left.
Why is the heart called a double pump? sends right chamber blood to lungs, left to body.
What is the name of the part of the heart that tells the heart muscle to beat (contract)? intrinsic conduction system.
What is the name of the area of the heart that begins the message to contract? sinoatrial (SA) node.
What is the name of the area of the heart that tells the ventricles to contract? purkinje fibers.
Which chambers push blood down? atrium.
Which chambers pump blood up and out? ventricles.
What is the purpose of the heart valves? to prevent backflow.
What happens when valves fail and blood flows backward? sloshing called heart murmurs.
Can heart valves be replaced? yes.
What is the proper name of the heartstrings that connect the AV valves to muscles? chordae tendineae.
What is the name of the muscles that hold the AV valves to prevent inversion? papillary muscles.
Which three vessels bring blood into the right atrium? superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus.
Which vessel brings blood into the left atrium? pulmonary veins.
Which veins are the only ones to carry oxygenated blood? pulmonary.
Which arteries are the only ones to carry deoxygenated blood? pulmonary.
Which side of the heart is thicker and why? left, it pumps blood to all parts.
Which blood vessels are the thickest? arteries.
Which blood vessels are the thinnest? veins.
Which blood vessels are the smallest of all? capillaries.
Which blood vessels have valves? veins.
Which blood vessels become vaicose? veins.
Which blood vessels have the most pressure? arteries.
What prevents blood from entering the capillary beds of organs that do not need blood at that time? sphincters.
What is the typical heart rate? 75 bpm.
About how much blood can one heart beat pump out? 70 mL.
Which gender has the highest resting heart rate? females.
What happens to the heart rate as you age? decreases.
What happens to heart rate & blood pressure when you sit up from a laying down position? increases.
What happens to heart rate & blood pressure when you stand up? increases.
What is the blood pressure called that is the highest due to the heart contracting? systolic.
What is the blood pressure called that is the lowest due to the heart relaxing? diastolic.
What is the typical values for a blood pressure reading? 120/80 mmHg.
What happens to blood pressure as we age? increases.
Which race tends to have higher blood pressure? african americans.
Which gender has a lower blood pressure and why? females, estrogen lowers blood pressure.
Does nicotine raise or lower blood pressure? raise.
Does stress raise or lower blood pressure? raise.
Does obesity raise or lower blood pressure? raise.
Does a diet high in salt raise or lower blood pressure? raise.
Can the heart continue to beat for a little while if it is not connected to the brain? yes.
What is a sphygmomanometer? blood pressure cuff.
What is the function of a stethoscope? listens to the heartbeat.
What is the name of the recording of the heart beats? EKG (electrocardiogram).
Which wave on an EKG represents depolarization of the atria? p wave.
Which wave on an EKG represents depolarization of the ventricles? qrs wave.
Which wave on an EKG represent repolarization of the ventricles? t wave.
Created by: mlmurray
 

 



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