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Positive Psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the difference between an approach and an avoidance goal | Approach goal: increase or achieve a desired outcome Avoidance goal: decrease or avoid an unwanted outcome |
| Flip an avoidance goal to an approach goal. | I don't want to get bad grades--> I will review my notes for 20 minutes every day after school |
| What are the benefits of approach goals? | increased motivation and energy, tasks are approached with greater optimism and commitment, increased activity levels and willingness to take risks to change, higher persistence toward and achievable goal, facilitates novel and creative solutions, more so |
| What are the problems with avoidance goals? | Decreased psychological and physical well-being: more memory of negative info, less memory of positive info, negative biases, pessimistic Negative Social Implications: increased loneliness, poorer therapy outcomes |
| Barbara Fredrickson's Broaden and Build Theory | Monetary thought-action repertories (all the ideas and choice your brain gives you about what to think or do in that moment) rather than a physical response that negative emotions bring; positive emotions are more cognitive than physical |
| What are some benefits to experiencing positive emotions? | Many new thoughts and behaviors Ways of creatively seeing things |
| What are some of the Happiness 101 videos' main points on increasing happiness? | Exercise, mindfulness meditation, deep breathing |
| The evidence of the applicability of the VIA even across cultures | Emerges across cultures, sensitive to developmental differences related to character strengths, reliable (consistent and stable across 4 months) and valid, women score higher than men on humanity and African Americans score higher on spirituality |
| What are the various assessments that can be used to measure strengths? | Gallup Clifton's Strengths Finder VIA Classifications of Strengths The Search Institute's 40 Developmental Assets |
| The 6 Domains within the VIA | Wisdom, Courage, Humanity, Justice, Temperance, Transcendence |
| The Virtues in Wisdom | creativity, curiosity, judgement, love of learning, perspective |
| The Virtues in Courage | zest, perseverance, honesty, bravery |
| The Virtues in Humanity | love, kindness, social intelligence |
| The Virtues in Justice | teamwork, fairness, leadership |
| The Virtues in Temperance | forgiveness, humility, prudence, self-regulation |
| the Virtues in Transcendence | appreciation of beauty and excellence, gratitude, hope, humar, spirituality |
| What are the benefits of using strengths for your life satisfaction and well-being? | our strengths are connected to our values, they give us energy when we utilize these strengths, our top strengths come easily and naturally and we feel like our truest or most authentic selves when enacting them |
| What's the definition of culture? | a set of ideas, behaviors, attitude, and traditions that exist within large groups of people |
| What is the definition of worldview? | the way of describing the universe and life within it, both in terms of what is and what ought to be |
| Summary of the main points of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's talk on "The Dangers of a Single Story. | A single story is when only one version of a person, group or place is told or believed, a single story can shape how we view the world and others, should seek out multiple stories of other people, cultures, and places because we get a better idea of what |
| Differences between collectivism and individualism | Individualism: about the person; responsible for only themselves Collectivism: about the group as a whole rather than an individual human being |
| History of Racism within Psychology | Late 1800s-Early 1900s: Genetically Deficient Perspective (biological and innate traits; rooted in genetics) Middle of the 20th Century: Culturally Deficient Perspective (social environment, traditions, and learned behaviors; shaped by the culture and s |
| What is the difference between Self-Compassion and Self-Esteem? | Self-Compassion: a way in which we relate to ourselves kindly, the same way we might relate to a friend Self-Esteem: a way to judge ourselves, both positively and negatively |
| The 3 components of Self-Compassion | Self Kindness: warmth and understanding toward the self when encountering pain or shortcomings rather than self-criticism Common Humanity: recognizing that pain and shortcomings are part of the human experience Mindfulness: a balanced awareness of sel |
| What are ways to increase self-compassion? | Self- Compassion: Self-Kindness: consider how you would treat someone else, be careful with your language, comfort yourself with a physical gesture, memorize compassionate phrases Self-Compassion: Common Humanity: talk to others, look online Self-Compa |
| What are commons misconceptions of Self-Compassion? | self-compassion is not complacency, it is not a sense of avoidance of one's goals |
| What are the main steps of EFC? | identify what the situation is, look at the changeable aspects, and look at the unchangeable aspects What do you feel because of this, what emotion is this, why do you feel this way? |
| What is emotional contagion and why does it happen? | Emotional Contagion: catching the emotions of others Happens because of mirror neurons passing moods between people |
| What is the role of mirror neurons? | Helps our brains communicate with other people's brains, emotions and intentions when one human being communicates an emotion, the other person who is witnessing that emotion's brain lights up as if they were feeling that emotion at the same time |
| An understanding that emotions spread through groups | 2x2 design using positive and negative mood conditions, emotional contagion worked, self-rating and outside coder ratings, positive group: improved cooperation, decreased conflict, increased task performance |
| What is Emotional Intelligence? | How well we handle ourselves and our relationships in the 4 domains Self-awareness, self-management, empathy, and skilled relationship |
Created by:
MaisySchlender