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Bone Remodeling
Chapter 6 - A & P Lecture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is bone remodeling? | the process that converts woven bone into lamellar bone |
| what functions is bone remodeling involved in? | bone grwoth, changes in bone shape, adjustments in bone due to stress , bone repair, and calcium ion regulation |
| what are the 1st mechanical advantages of long bones? | a hollow cylinder is lighter in weight than a solid rod |
| what is the 2nd mechanical advantage of long bones? | a hollow cylinder with the same height, weight, and composition as a solid rod, but with a greater diameter, can support more weight without bending |
| how does the thickness of bones change as it grows? | bone is constantly removed by osteoclasts and new bone is formed by osteoblasts |
| why does the medullary cavity increase in size? | to prevent bones from becoming too heavy |
| what causes bone remodeling? | migration of basic multicellular units (BMUs) |
| what are basic multicellular units (BMUs) | temporary groups of osteoclasts and osteoblasts that remodel bones |
| what is the function of BMUs? | remove old bone matrix and replace it with new bone matrix |
| what is the lifespan of a BMU? | 6 months |
| how often does BMY actibity renew the entire skeleton? | every 10 years |
| what structure is formed during remodeling in compact bone? | new osteons |
| how do osteoclasts and osteoblasts remodel an osteon? | osteoclasts enter the osteon from blood vessels in the central canal and internally remove lamellae, after which osteoblasts replace the removed bone |
| how does bone remodeling occur on the exterior of bone? | osteoclasts remove bone from the exterior surface and the bone is then rebuilt by osteoblasts |
| how does increased mechanical stress affect bone strength? | casuse bone to increase strength |
| how does bone increase its strength in response to stress? | 1) remodeling 2) formation of additional bone 3) alteration of trabeculae so they align with the direction of stress |
| what happens to bone when mechanical stress is reduced? | results in greater osteoclast activity compared to osteoblast activity, leading to bone loss |
| describe the steps of long bone remodeling in response to mechanical stress? | 1) mechanical stress increases osteoblast activity 2)physical pressure creates electrical changes in bone that further stimulate osteoblast 3) bone becomes thicker and stonger |
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