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History Test Review

for the chocolate labs!!!!

QuestionAnswer
How many people were accused and executed in the witch trials? 200 were accused, 20 executed.
Where were the 1st witch trials in New England? Connecticut.
What did Katherine Harrison’s trial change? Needed more than one witness and real evidence. (No more spectral evidence)
What happened to William Harding? 13 lashings + banishment
Who were the 1st 3 accused of witchcraft? Sarah Osbourne, Sarah Good, and Tituba.
Who apologized for the witch trials later? Samuel Sewell.
What was spectral evidence? Evidence based on dreams or visions (1 witness)
Who helped bring spectral evidence to a stop? Cotton Mather and his father.
What resulted because of the trials? 19 were hanged and 1 was pressed to death (20 in all)
Who was the last exonerated and when? Elisabeth Johnson Jr. July 2022.
What are some of the theories for the causes of the trials? Medical explanations like ergot and mass hysteria.
What did Tituba confess to seeing? The devil and that there were other witches in Salem.
What was Sarah Good accused of doing? Harming Elisabeth Parris and Abigail Williams.
What happened at Martha Corey's trial? The girls imitated her movements and claimed to be tormented showing marks.
Who issued the warrant for Sarah Good's arrest? John Hathorne.
How did Gov. Phips respond to the criticism of the trials? He stopped arrests, and pardoned those imprisoned for witchcraft.
When and where did the Salem Witch Trials take place? 1692-1693 In colonial Massachusetts.
What is the water test? Throwing someone in water to see if they float (guilty) or sink (innocent)
When and by who was Jamestown founded? 1607, by the Virginia Company.
What happened to Jamestown in 1624? The King took control and made it a royal colony.
What crop made Jamestown successful? Tobacco.
Out of 6,000 settlers, how many survived in Jamestown by 1624? Only 2,000.
What was the “starving time” in Jamestown? A time when people had so little food, some even ate other people.
What was the House of Burgesses? The first elected group to make laws in America.
What was the Mayflower Compact? An agreement for self-rule by the Pilgrims.
Did Puritans want to leave the Church of England? No, they wanted to fix it.
Who was John Winthrop? First governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Who started Rhode Island and why? Roger Williams, for religious freedom after being kicked out by Puritans.
Who was Anne Hutchinson? Banished for her beliefs; later killed in New York.
What was the Pequot War? Colonists and their Indian allies destroyed the Pequot tribe in 1637.
What was King Philip’s War? Native Americans fought colonists; colonists won, ending big native resistance in New England.
What was the Dominion of New England? England’s way to control the colonies and unite them.
What were the Navigation Laws? British rules that only let colonies trade with England.
What was “salutary neglect”? When England mostly ignored the colonies and let them rule themselves.
What was the Glorious Revolution? When England got a new king and colonists kicked out royal governors.
What was the headright system? Colonists got 50 acres for bringing an indentured servant.
Why did the colonies start using slaves? Not enough workers after servants finished their contracts.
What was the Great Awakening? A big religious revival in the 1730s-1740s.
Why was the Great Awakening important? It made people question authority and pushed ideas of freedom.
Why did the French and Indian War start? Britain and France both wanted the Ohio Valley.
What happened after the war? Britain got a lot of land, but had a big debt.
How did the war change things for the colonies? Britain started taxing and controlling the colonies more.
What was the Proclamation of 1763? Colonists couldn’t move west of the Appalachian Mountains.
What was the Sugar Act? A tax on sugar and molasses in 1764.
What was the Stamp Act? A tax on printed papers in 1765.
What does “no taxation without representation” mean? Colonists didn’t want taxes unless they had a say in government.
What were the Townshend Acts? New taxes on things like tea and glass.
What was the Boston Tea Party? Colonists dumped British tea into Boston Harbor in protest.
What were the Intolerable Acts? Britain’s harsh laws to punish Boston.
What was the First Continental Congress? Colonies met to plan how to respond to British actions.
What started the Revolutionary War? Battles at Lexington and Concord in 1775.
What did the Second Continental Congress do? Picked George Washington to lead the army.
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? Thomas Jefferson.
What did Common Sense say? America should be independent and ruled by the people.
Who were Loyalists or Tories? Colonists who stayed loyal to Britain.
What happened at Saratoga? Americans won and got help from France.
What happened at Yorktown? British army surrendered; war was basically over.
What did the Treaty of Paris 1783 do? Made America independent and set its borders.
What was the Olive Branch Petition? A last try for peace with Britain.
Who were Hessians? German soldiers hired by Britain.
How did the Revolution change society? More people wanted a say in government.
What was tarring and feathering? A painful and public way colonists punished tax collectors.
How much did the colonial population grow from 1700 to 1775? From 300,000 to 2.5 million.
What was mercantilism? Colonies sent raw materials to Britain and bought British goods.
What was the Articles of Confederation? America’s first government after the Revolution.
Why was the Articles government weak? It only had Congress, no president or courts.
Could the government collect taxes or control trade? No, it couldn't.
Did all states have the same money? No, each state had its own money.
How many votes did each state get? One vote per state.
Why couldn’t the government pay debts? It couldn’t make states pay taxes.
What happened because the Articles were too weak? The government failed and they wrote the Constitution.
Who wrote the Virginia Declaration of Rights? George Mason.
What did the Virginia Declaration of Rights state? Government must protect people’s basic rights.
Who wrote the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom? Thomas Jefferson.
What did the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom say? People can pick their own religion; government can't force religion.
What did Madison use to help write the Bill of Rights? The Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom and The Virginia Declaration of Rights.
What was the Great Compromise? Congress has two parts: Senate (2 per state) and House (based on state population).
What was the Three-Fifths Compromise? Each slave counted as 3/5 of a person for counting population.
How did the Constitution stop any branch from being too powerful? Checks and balances, each branch can limit the others.
What are the three branches of gov? Legislative (makes laws), Executive (carries out laws), Judicial (interprets laws).
Who led the Constitutional Convention? George Washington.
Who is called the “Father of the Constitution”? James Madison.
What did James Madison do? Led discussion, wrote the Virginia Plan, and took great notes.
What was the Virginia Plan? A plan for government with three branches.
What did Federalists want? A strong central government.
Where did most Federalists live? Northern cities.
What did Anti-Federalists want? Strong state governments and protection for people’s freedoms.
Where did most Anti-Federalists live? Southern or rural areas.
What did Anti-Federalists want added to the Constitution? The Bill of Rights.
Who were Federalist leaders? John Adams and Alexander Hamilton.
Who were Democratic-Republican leaders? Thomas Jefferson and James Madison.
What did Federalists want for the economy? More business and a national bank.
What did Democratic-Republicans want for the economy? More farming and less government power.
Created by: user-1869827
 

 



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