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Biology 2 - C04 - 08
🧬📗1️⃣ Module 4 - 50 Question Mock Exam - SET 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is reproduction? | The biological process by which organisms produce offspring to continue the species. |
| What is development? | The series of changes an organism undergoes from conception to maturity. |
| Define asexual reproduction. | Production of offspring from one parent without gamete fusion. |
| Define sexual reproduction. | Fusion of sperm and egg producing genetically diverse offspring. |
| What is binary fission? | A parent divides into two equal parts forming two individuals. |
| What is budding? | A new organism grows from a small outgrowth on the parent. |
| What is fragmentation? | A parent breaks into pieces that each grow into new individuals. |
| What is vegetative propagation? | Asexual reproduction where new plants grow from stems, roots, or leaves. |
| What is parthenogenesis? | Development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg. |
| What is pollination? | Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma. |
| What is the sporophyte generation? | Diploid plant generation that produces spores by meiosis. |
| What is the gametophyte generation? | Haploid plant generation that produces gametes by mitosis. |
| What is a pollen grain? | The male gametophyte of flowering plants. |
| What is an ovule? | Structure in the ovary containing the female gametophyte. |
| What is internal fertilization? | Fertilization occurring inside the female reproductive tract. |
| What is external fertilization? | Gametes are released into the environment where fertilization occurs. |
| Define oviparous. | Animals that lay eggs; embryos develop outside the body. |
| Define ovoviviparous. | Eggs develop inside the mother but embryos rely on yolk. |
| Define viviparous. | Animals that give birth to live young nourished directly by the mother. |
| What is copulation? | Transfer of sperm from male to female during mating. |
| What are rhizobia? | Nitrogen-fixing bacteria forming symbiotic relationships with legumes. |
| What do rhizobia provide to plants? | Ammonia produced from atmospheric nitrogen. |
| What do plants provide to rhizobia? | Carbohydrates and organic compounds for energy. |
| Where do rhizobia live? | Inside root nodules formed through plant–bacteria signaling. |
| What are mycorrhizae? | Symbiotic associations between fungi and plant roots. |
| How do mycorrhizae help plants? | They increase nutrient and water absorption through fungal hyphae. |
| Which nutrient do mycorrhizae absorb efficiently? | Phosphorus. |
| What are carnivorous plants? | Plants that trap and digest insects to supplement nutrients. |
| Why do carnivorous plants eat insects? | They grow in nutrient-poor soils lacking nitrogen. |
| How do pitcher plants trap prey? | Modified leaves form a pitfall trap with digestive fluids. |
| How does a Venus flytrap capture prey? | Hinged leaves snap shut when trigger hairs are touched. |
| How do sundews trap insects? | Sticky mucilage on glandular hairs ensnares prey. |
| What is ingestion? | The process of taking in food into the body. |
| What is digestion? | The breakdown of food into simpler molecules. |
| What is mechanical digestion? | Physical breakdown of food such as chewing and churning. |
| What is chemical digestion? | Enzymatic breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones. |
| Where does most nutrient absorption occur? | In the small intestine. |
| What is a complete digestive tract? | A digestive system with separate mouth and anus. |
| What is an incomplete digestive tract? | A digestive system with only one opening for ingestion and egestion. |
| What is a herbivore? | An animal that primarily eats plants. |
| What is a carnivore? | An animal that primarily eats meat. |
| What is an omnivore? | An animal that eats both plants and animals. |
| What is avian digestion? | The specialized digestive process found in birds. |
| What is the crop? | A storage organ in birds that temporarily holds food. |
| What is the gizzard? | A muscular stomach in birds that grinds food using swallowed grit. |
| What is a monogastric digestive system? | A system with a single-chambered stomach. |
| What is a ruminant digestive system? | A system with a multi-chambered stomach specialized for fermentation. |
| Name the four ruminant stomach chambers. | Rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum. |
| What is cud? | Partially digested food that is regurgitated and re-chewed. |
| What is hindgut fermentation? | Microbial breakdown of plant fibers in the cecum and colon. |
| Give an example of a nonruminant herbivore. | Horses or rabbits. |
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francisslavin002