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Neonatology
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is primary apnea in neonates? | some assistance with breathing resolves with stimulation and warming when bradycardic |
| what is secondary apnea is neonate? | more bradycardic and respiratory distress doesn't respond to initial stimulation |
| what are the most common birth defects and when do they occur? | heart defects within the first trimester |
| what are the 3 categories of congenital anomalies | increased pulmonary blood flow, decrease pulmonary blood flow, and obstruct flow |
| what defects are included in the increasing of pulmonary blood flow? | ASD, PFO; VSD, PDA (patent ductus arteriosus) |
| defects producing decreased pulmonary blood flow | Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), Dextro-transposition of the great arteries Levo-transposition of the great arteries |
| what defects occur to obstruct blood flow in the fetal heart | coarctation of the aorta pulmonary or aortic stenosis truncus arteriosus hypoplastic left heart syndrome |
| what 4 abnormalities found with tetralogy of fallot? | pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, overriding aorta, ventricular septal defect |
| characteristic of D-TGA | two cardiovascular systems RV to the aorta and LV to the pulmonary artery |
| characteristic of L-TGA | left ventricle on the right side leading into the pulmonary artery and right ventricle on the left side feeding aorta = decreased capacity for contraction and cardiac output |
| what is an important indicator of fetal distress? | heart rate |
| what are basic measures in the inverted pyramid treatment of newborns? | drying, warming, positioning, suction, tactile stimulation, oxygen, BVM, chest compressions |
| what are ALS measures with newborn care? | intubation and medication |
| what is the dose to treat hypoglycemia in a newborn? | D10 5-10mL/kg |
| What is the dose to treat hypoglycemia in a 2mo-2yo? | D25 2-4mL/kg |
| What is the dose to treat hypoglycemia in a 2yo+? | D50 1-2mL/kg |