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heart vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cardiac | Located in or relating to the heart in the thoracic cavity; functions in pumping blood throughout the body. |
| Arteries | Blood vessels located throughout the body that carry blood away from the heart; function to deliver oxygenated blood to tissues (except pulmonary arteries) |
| Arterioles | Small branches of arteries located just before capillaries; function to regulate blood flow and blood pressure by constricting or dilating. |
| Capillaries | Microscopic vessels located between arterioles and venules in tissues; function as the site of gas, nutrient, and waste exchange. |
| Venules | Small vessels located after capillaries; function to collect blood from capillaries and transport it to veins. |
| Veins | Blood vessels located throughout the body that return blood to the heart; function to carry deoxygenated blood (except pulmonary veins). |
| Valves | Flap-like structures located in the heart and veins; function to prevent backflow of blood. |
| Histology | The microscopic study of tissues; functions to analyze the structure of body tissues. |
| Tunica Externa | Outermost layer of a blood vessel; functions to provide protection and structural support. |
| Tunica Media | Middle muscular layer of a blood vessel; functions to control vessel diameter and blood pressure. |
| Tunica Interna | Innermost endothelial layer of a blood vessel; functions to provide smooth blood flow. |
| Lumen | The hollow inner space of a blood vessel; functions as the passageway for blood. |
| Pulmonary Circulation | Located between the heart and lungs; functions to carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs and return oxygenated blood to the heart. |
| Systemic Circulation | Located between the heart and the rest of the body; functions to deliver oxygenated blood to tissues and return deoxygenated blood to the heart. |
| Right Atrium | Upper right chamber of the heart; functions to receive deoxygenated blood from the body. |
| Tricuspid Valve | Located between the right atrium and right ventricle; functions to prevent backflow into the atrium. |
| Right Ventricle | Lower right chamber of the heart; functions to pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs. |
| Pulmonary Semilunar (Pulmonic) Valve | Located between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery; functions to prevent backflow into the ventricle. |
| Pulmonary Artery | Located leaving the right ventricle toward the lungs; functions to carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs. |
| Pulmonary Veins | Located returning from the lungs to the left atrium; function to carry oxygenated blood to the heart. |
| Left Atrium | Upper left chamber of the heart; functions to receive oxygenated blood from the lungs. |
| Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve | Located between the left atrium and left ventricle; functions to prevent backflow into the atrium. |
| Left Ventricle | Lower left chamber of the heart; functions to pump oxygenated blood to the body. |
| Aortic Semilunar (Aortic) Valve | Located between the left ventricle and aorta; functions to prevent backflow into the ventricle. |
| Aorta | Largest artery located leaving the left ventricle; functions to distribute oxygenated blood to the body. |
| Chordae Tendineae | Tendinous cords located inside ventricles attached to AV valves; function to prevent valve prolapse. |
| Septum | Muscular wall located between right and left sides of the heart; functions to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. |
| Trabeculae Carneae | Ridged muscle located inside ventricles; functions to prevent suction and improve contraction. |
| Papillary Muscles | Located in ventricles attached to chordae tendineae; function to stabilize AV valves during contraction. |
| Apex | Pointed inferior tip of the heart; functions as the area of strongest contraction. |
| Base | Superior portion of the heart where major vessels attach; functions as the entry and exit region for blood vessels. |
| Left Coronary Artery (Left Main) | Located branching from the aorta; functions to supply oxygenated blood to the left side of the heart. |
| Left Anterior Descending (LAD) Coronary Artery | Located on the anterior surface of the heart; functions to supply the front of the left ventricle. |
| Circumflex Artery | Located wrapping around the left side of the heart; functions to supply the lateral and posterior left ventricle. |
| Right Coronary Artery | Located branching from the aorta on the right side; functions to supply the right atrium, right ventricle, and parts of the conduction system. |
| Carotid Artery | Located in the neck; functions to supply blood to the brain. |
| Descending Aorta | Located running down the thorax and abdomen; functions to supply blood to lower body structures. |
| Subclavian Artery | Located beneath the clavicle; functions to supply the upper limb. |
| Brachiocephalic Trunk | Located branching from the aortic arch; functions to supply the right head and arm. |
| Axillary Artery | Located in the armpit region; functions to supply the shoulder and upper limb. |
| Brachial Artery | Located in the upper arm; functions to supply blood to the arm. |
| Radial Artery | Located on the thumb side of the forearm; functions to supply the lateral forearm and hand. |
| Ulnar Artery | Located on the pinky side of the forearm; functions to supply the medial forearm and hand. |
| Iliac Artery | Located branching from the lower aorta; functions to supply the pelvis and legs. |
| Femoral Artery | Located in the thigh; functions to supply blood to the lower limb. |
| Popliteal Artery | Located behind the knee; functions to supply the knee and lower leg. |
| Dorsalis Pedis (DP) | Located on the top of the foot; functions to supply the foot. |
| Posterior Tibial (PT) | Located behind the medial ankle; functions to supply the lower leg and foot. |
| Jugular Vein | Located in the neck; functions to drain blood from the head to the heart. |
| Brachiocephalic Vein | Located in the upper chest; functions to return blood from the head and arms to the superior vena cava. |
| Subclavian Vein | Located beneath the clavicle; functions to return blood from the upper limb. |
| Axillary Vein | Located in the armpit; functions to drain the upper limb. |
| Greater Cephalic Vein | Located on the lateral upper limb; functions to return blood from the arm. |
| Median Cubital Vein | Located in the anterior elbow; functions as a common site for blood draws and connects arm veins. |
| Basilic Vein | Located on the medial upper limb; functions to return blood from the arm. |
| Iliac Vein | Located in the pelvis; functions to return blood from the lower limb to the inferior vena cava. |
| Femoral Vein | Located in the thigh; functions to return blood from the lower limb. |
| Popliteal Vein | Located behind the knee; functions to drain the lower leg. |
| Greater Saphenous Vein | Located along the medial leg and thigh; functions to return blood from the lower limb to the femoral vein. |
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