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Obstetrics
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how much fluid does the non-pregnant uterus usually hold vs full gravid? | 10mL non and 5L full |
| what is the prenatal period and when does the placenta begin to grow? | from conception until delivery; grows around wk4 |
| where does the umbilical vein get it's oxygenated blood and where do the umbilical arteries return the deoxygenated? | the placenta! |
| what are the 3 stages of pregnancy? | preembryonic first 14 days after conception, embryonic begins day 15 ends at week 8, fetal stage is 8wk until delivery |
| duration vs frequency of contractions | duration is from onset of contraction to end and frequency is start of one to the start of the next |
| most common cause of bleeding in the 1st and second trimester prior to 20wks? | abortion |
| when do most spontaneous abortions occur? | 12-18wks |
| what can you treat preeclampsia with and eclampsia | pre: 10mg labetalol every 10 min eclampsia: 4g of mag sulfate over 1-2min and then midazolam if not helping |
| what are contractions that increase in frequency and intensity but are irregular and not associated with cervical changes? | braxton-hicks |
| what are some tocolytics? | mag sulfate, fluids, beta-agonists, pitocin, and terbutaline |
| what does puerperium mean? what does labor mean? | time period surrounding birth; labor is the process which delivery occurs in a positive feedback loop |
| 3 stages of labor | dilation, expulsion, placental |
| what is the expected respiratory rate and heart rate of newborns? | RR:40-60, HR 150-180 -> 130-140 |
| in an infant, if their heart rate is 220+ what could it mean? 180+ in children? | 220: SVT or tachy but have to listen to story, if 180+ in child it can also by SVT or Tachy again ask history (sudden onset or gradual and sick) |
| When do you treat hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in pregnant patients? | hypo is <70 and hyper >200 |